478 THE FERTILISATION OF FLOWERS. [PART III. 
the upper lip, and there bears the other, pollen-producing anther- 
lobe. Since the connectives are easily movable about their 
fulcrums on the short, outwardly-directed filaments, the two 
lamine are rotated backwards and upwards, the anther-lobes 
(hitherto concealed within the upper lip and coated on their lower 
surfaces with pollen) forwards and downwards, when a bee’s head 
enters the tube. The movement of the laminz leaves the path to 
the honey free, that of the longer limbs of the connectives brings 
the anther-lobes down upon the bee’s back. When the bee with- 
draws its head, the connectives with their laminz resume their 
former position. In old flowers the bee first touches the papillar 
Fic. 162.—Salvia pratensis, L. 
1.—Flower, from the right side. 
2.—Stamens, seen obliquely (x 2). 1 . 
a, filament ; b, upper arm of the connective; c, lower arm of ditto; d, superior anther-lobes ; 
é, inferior ditto, transformed into a lamina closing up the tube; f, point of cohesion of the two 
inferior aither-lobes; g, style in first stage ; g’, style in second stage. The dotted line b’d’ indicates 
the position of the anthers when rotated forwards. 
sides of the recurved branches of the now downward-pointing style. 
The superior pair of anthers in this and in all the other species 
of Salvia is present in the form of small and quite useless 
rudiments, easily intelligible as an inheritance from didynamous 
ancestors. 
Humble-bees were stated to be the fertilising agents by 
Sprengel and Hildebrand, but the species were not determined, 
The plant does not occur at Lippstadt, and I only possess in my 
garden a single plant, of a pink variety, found by my father at 
Miihlberg, Erfurt, so I have had little opportunity of observing’ its 
insect-visitors. As-normal-visitors which proceed in the manner 
