parti.) THE MECHANISMS OF FLOWERS. 481 
of the inferior, and the two connectives le so close together that 
- one moves with the other. A bee in entering first thrusts its head 
against the two inferior anther-lobes, and thus causing the connec- 
tives to rotate, it is immediately afterwards struck on the back 
by the two superior anther-lobes. The pollen thus placed on the 
bee’s head and back is rubbed off in older flowers upon the two 
stigmas, which are divergent and much bent downwards, 
Dr. Ogle gives a very detailed description of this species of 
Salvia (631), and rightly lays stress upon the following additional 
points as special adaptations: (1) the convexity of the upper lip, 
which causes the growing style to take such a direction that after- 
wards its outspread stigmas must come in contact with the bee’s 
back; (2) the bulging of the upper wall of the anterior part of the 
tube, which gives the inferior anther-lobes free play when the 
connectives rotate ; (3) the shortness and stiffness of the filaments, 
which give a steady fulcrum for the connectives ; (4) the divergence 
of the filaments, which leaves a free entrance for the bee. 
Besides the hive-bee, which Sprengel and Hildebrand also saw, 
I have observed Bombus silvarum, L. 9, Anthophora cestivalis, 
Pz. 2, Anthidium manicatum, L. 2, Osinia rufa, L. 9, as regular 
fertilisers ; all were sucking honey exclusively. Of useless guests, 
Hildebrand observed a butterfly, which could easily reach the 
honey with its proboscis without dusting itself with pollen. I 
have seen a small species of bee with abdominal collecting- 
brushes, Chelostoma campanularum, 2 3, repeatedly creeping in and 
out of the flowers without being dusted with pollen; and Herr 
Borgstette sent me, from Teklenburg, Prosopis communis, Nyl. 9, 
which he had caught on the flowers. A further list of visiters is 
given in No. 590, III. 
According to Delpino, the anthers ob S. officinalis, like those 
of Sideritis, are provided with sticky glands (178). 
Salvia porphyrantha resembles S. officinalis in the arrangement 
of its connectives, and in the inferior anther-lobes being filled 
with pollen, though with a smaller quantity than that presenke in 
the superior lobes.! | 
Salvia glutinosa, L., according to Dr, Ogle (631), differs from 
S. officinalis in that the inferior anther-lobes are quite barren and 
are withdrawn within the tube, and that the inferior, not the 
| superior, side of the anterior part of the tube bulges out. It is 
_ fertilised by large humble-bees; small humble-bees, and hive- 
_ bees whose proboscis is too short to reach the honey legitimately, 
1 According to Mr. T. H. Corry. 
EI 
