PART III. | THE MECHANISMS OF FLOWERS. 561 
Orv. DIOSCOREACEZ, 
Dioscorea.—The species which are cultivated in South Brazil 
and propagated there asexually, never, with one exception, produce 
flowers (359). 
Orv. PONTEDERIACE 2. 
Pontederia is remarkable as a trimorphic monocotyledon. My 
brother Fritz Miiller found only long-styled and _ short-styled 
individuals of an apparently trimorphic species of Pontederia, on 
the banks of the Itajahy-mirim in South Brazil; while another 
species, P. (Hichornia) crassipes, which has been introduced as an 
ornamental plant into the colony of Blumenau, exists there in 
long-, mid-, and short-styled individuals (556). 
Monochoria, L, has cleistogamic flowers, according to Kuhn 
(399). 
Orv. COMMELINACEZ. 
Weinmann has observed subterranean cleistogamic flowers in 
Commelina bengalensis (531). 
Tradescantia erecta produces cleistogamic flowers in Kew 
(330). 
| Orv. JUNCACE. 
Juncus and Luzula have anemophilous flowers in which self- 
fertilisation is for the most part rendered impossible by proterogyny. 
The proterogynous flowers of Zuzula pilosa have been figured 
by Hildebrand (351, fig. 4), those of Juncus filiformis by Axell 
(17, p. 38). So far as their proterogynous condition is concerned, 
the flowers of Luzula campestris agree perfectly with those of 
L, pilosa. 
Juncus bufonius, according to Batalin (39), is exclusively self- 
fertilised in Russia, the flowers, which are triandrous, remaining 
closed. According to Ascherson (10), the same species at Halle has 
ordinary open, lateral, hexandrous flowers, in addition to terminal 
cleistogamic, triandrous ones. This statement is confirmed by 
Haussknecht,! who found hybrids between J. lufonius and 
J. spherocarpus, whose flowers always expand fully. 
Luzula lutea and L. nivea attract insects by their conspicuous 
1 Botanische Zeitung, p. 802, 1871. 
OO 
