PARSLEY FAMILY. Umbelliferas. 



Sometimes called Golden Alexanders. 

 Parsnip ^ western species not very distant from 



Thaspium Zizia aurea. It has medium green lance- 



aureum shaped or ovate, toothed leaflets, three of 



Golden yellow which generally compose a leaf ; the root- 



une ugus i eav es are single, mostly distinctly heart- 

 shaped, the others simply rounded at the base. The 

 golden yellow flowers are gathered in sparse flat-topped 

 clusters. The seed is equally angled with deep flanges 

 or ribs and is distinctly different in this respect from the 

 flat seeds of Pastinaca sativa ; they mature in early au- 

 tumn. 15-36 inches high. Found on the borders of 

 thickets, and woodland roads, from Ohio, west to Mo., 

 southwest to Tenn. , and west to 111. The var. atropur- 

 pureum bears deep dull purple flowers, and is confined 

 to the same range. T. barbinode is a similar species 

 with stem-and leaf-joints and flowering stems more or 

 less fine -hairy. Leaves with 3-6 leaflets. Flowers light 

 gold yellow. Seed with seven prominent wings. Beside 

 streams, commonest in the Mississippi Valley; N. Y., 

 west to Minn., and south. 



A stout and branching species often 



a er arsn P growing inshallow water. The compound 

 cicutcefolium leaves deep green, with 7-15 linear or lance- 

 Dull white shaped leaflets sharply toothed ; the finely 

 July- cut lower leaves generally submerged. 



September The duU white flowers are in a flat dome- 



shaped cluster. The seeds are prominently ribbed, and 

 the leaves are variable in form. 2-6 feet high. Through- 

 out the country. 



A similar but smaller aquatic species 6- 



Berula 34. mcnes high, with 7-19 leaflets, more or 



less lobed, and a dome-shaped cluster of 



white flowers. From N. Y. to 111. and Neb. Also in 



the Rockies and the far west. 



A very common smooth perennial, found 



ar y ea ow on sna( j e( j roadsides or meadow borders. 

 Parsnip 



Zizia aurea The medium light green leaves are doubly 

 Light gold compound ; generally three divisions (or 

 yellow leaflets, properly speaking) of 3-7 leaflets, 



May-June ^\ narrow, pointed, and sharply toothed, 



310 



