COMPOSITE FAMILY. Composite. 



very yellow-spiny ; the flower-heads set in the smaller 

 encircling upper leaflets, with very narrow, rough, spine- 

 less scales. 2-4 feet high. Common in wet or dry sandy 

 soil along the seacoast, from Me. to Tex. 

 T Th' tl A ratner common species with magenta 



ctsium altis- (rarely white) flowers about 1} inches 

 simum, var. broad and weak -bristled, rough-hairy, 

 discolor stemless leaves, deeply cut into linear 



Ma 2 e " ta lobes, white- woolly beneath. The outer 



scales of the flower-heads are slightly 

 woolly and weak-bristled. Stem downy, 3-6 feet high. 

 Common on roadsides and in fields ; south to Ga. 



A species with similar leaves and flow- 

 Thistle ers ' Du * *^ e Dmn t> prickleless scales of the 

 Cirsium heads glutinous, woolly, and close-press- 

 muticum ing. The flower with a naked stem, or 

 Magenta ^^ a few tiny i ea fl e ts at its base. 3-8 

 u y- c o er ^^ j^g^ Common in swamps and moist 

 low woodlands everywhere. 



The largest-flowered thistle of all, with 



* s " re solitary heads 2-3 inches broad, the florets 



Cirsium light magenta-lilac or nearly white ; they 



pumilum are exceedingly fragrant, rich in honey, 



Light magenta and are frequented by the bumblebee, who 



_ u y ~ . imbibes to the point of abject intoxica- 



September . , _, .. , , , • 



tion ! The slightly glutinous scales are 



nearly smooth and tipped with slender prickles ; and at 

 the base are tiny leaflets. The light green leaves nar- 

 row and frequently cut into three-prickled lobes, the 

 prickles shorter than those of the common thistle and 

 very numerous. Stem only 12-30 inches high. In dry 

 pastures and fields, Me. to Del. and Pa. , near the coast. 

 A pernicious weed, naturalized from 

 cerium 8 * Europe, with small lilac, pale magenta, or 

 arvense rarely white heads about | inch broad. 



Lilac or pale The dull gray-green, whitish -ribbed leaves 

 magenta are deeply slashed into many very prickly, 



g U,y r ruffled lobes. Flowers staminate and pis- 



tillate; also fragrant. 1-3 feet high. 

 Common in pastures, fields, and on roadsides; south 

 only to Va. 



522 



