BUILDINGS, AND THE MANUFACTURE OF MANURE. 75 



if fed on pulp, and especially if the weather be hot, fluid is 

 beneficial. The water troughs, like the mangers, should be 

 movable, so as to be easily raised, as the manure accumulates, 

 and should be fed from a pipe above. It will be found desir- 

 able to have a round rail to slide up and down above the 

 manger, which can be raised by the beast when feeding, but 

 which protects the manger at other times, and prevents what 

 otherwise is unavoidable, viz., the frequent presence of the 

 animal's faeces in the manger. 



The height of the building is important in connection with 

 proper ventilation ; many an otherwise good feeding house has 

 been spoilt from being too low. We think if the walls are 6ft. 

 above ground, and the buildmg open to the roof, ventilation 

 may be satisfactorily arranged for by leaving spaces in the 

 walls under the eaves, providing wooden shutters so as to 

 regulate the admission of air according to temperature, and by 

 raising every fourth ridge tile, making it overlap, thus allowing 

 for the escape of heated air, whilst rain and snow are effectually 

 kept out. This is so simple and inexpensive, that we are 

 surprised to see the plan so seldom carried out. The roof» 

 whether of slate or tiles, should be rain-proof. The joints 

 between the tiles must be carefully pointed. And here we may 

 diverge from our subject to remark that the addition of gas tar 

 to ordinary mortar immensely increases its adjiering properties. 

 Half a gallon of common gas tar to a bushel of lime makes a 

 cement which resists the strongest wind, and such a mixture 

 is highly suitable for bedding ridge tiles, or pointing inside 

 or out. 



The buildings thus described would occupy the centre of the 

 plan, proceeding from the root-house and opening upon each of 

 the yards or courts, so that the manure could be removed, and 

 the litter supplied; this could be effected by means of slide 

 doors, one door answering for two boxes. Thus, then, a simple 

 and economical arrangement of buildings is suggested; cattle 

 boxes down the centre, on either side of the root-house open 

 sheds, the third side of the yards being made up with stables, 

 piggeries, and cow-house. It is impossible, without detailed 

 drawings, to give further particulars, but it will be evident to 

 our readers that we look upon farming as a manufactory of 



