THE HEREFORD BREED OP CATTLE. 121 



very carefully compiled, and very beautifully illustrated. After 

 the publication of the second volume, Mr. Miller, to whose 

 indefatigable exertions the Hereford interest owes so much, 

 resolved to place the work in the hands of an association of 

 breeders. The Hereford Breeders Association was formed and 

 the copyright disposed of. Mr. Miller is now its president. 

 The members of the association soon became alive to the great 

 change which had taken place with the breeders on this side, 

 and at once passed a rule prohibiting the entry of any English- 

 bred animal in the " American Hereford Record,'* whose 

 pedigree is not clearly traceable " in the 13th or any prior 

 volume of the Hereford Herd Book (English)." Had their 

 prohibitory regulations ceased there, little or no just cause of 

 complaint could have been raised upon this side, but last year 

 another rule was added, which imposes an entrance fee of 

 100 dollars upon all cattle imported after Nov. 13, 1885. That 

 heavy fee, added to the expenses attached to a ninety days 

 quarantine, has materially checked the importations from 

 England; in fact, it forms a prohibition for all except such as 

 possess extraordinary merit, and thus a monopoly is created in 

 a country that has, beyond all others, benefited from the Free 

 Trade policy of this country, and is considered to reflect upon 

 those who have been instrumental in establishing it. The 

 Christmas fat stock show, established at Chicago in 1879, has 

 greatly added to the interest manifested in the different breeds 

 and their value as crosses with the grade cattle. In America 

 they carry their researches much farther than in England. 

 There, in addition to the close inquiry after age and register of 

 weight, the carcases of the prize animals are judged and further 

 prizes awarded according to the quality of the meat, the weight 

 of offal, and the proportion of flesh to fat, all of which is 

 carefully recorded. The adoption of that system has tended to 

 emphasise the value that was previously attached to the cross of 

 the Hereford bull with the grade cow, the flesh of the cross- 

 bred animal displaying in a marked degree that beautifully 

 marbled character so greatly admired by epicures, and so 

 thoroughly characteristic of the Hereford. 



Mr. E. Maclean, Butley Manor, Auckland, New Zealand, 

 purchased a lot of Hereford cows in Australia, and bulls from 



