220 THE CATTLE OP GREAT BRITAIN. 



the Duke of E-iclimond au average of SI. 17s. 6d. per head. In 

 1811 Lord Braybrooke paid an average of 18?. 15s. 8d. for 

 twenty-four Channel Islands cattle delivered at Audley End. 



During the year 1811 (about forty years previous to the prac- 

 tical recognition of the breed in America) Channel Islands cattle 

 began to be systematically distributed throughout this country, 

 chiefly through the agency of Mr. Michael Fowler, of Little 

 Bushey. Of private breeders who since that day have con- 

 tributed to advance the breed it must suffice to name Mr. Philip 

 Dauncey, of Horwood, whose herd, dispersed in 1869, has made 

 ** Dauncey " blood famous on both sides the Atlantic ; Mr. 

 Duncan, of Bradwell, the breeder of Marjoram — the head of 

 the Stoke Pogis line of Jerseys ; Mr. Walter Grilbey, the breeder 

 of the bull Banboy ; Lord Chesham ; Mr. G. Simpson, of 

 Reigate ; and many others. 



In 1871 the Eoyal Agricultural Society of England separated 

 the classes of Jerseys and Guernseys at their Southampton 

 Show; and eight years later the English Jersey Herd Book 

 had been founded, and its first volume was published. 



Jersey cattle having been bred for generations mainly with a 

 Tiew to develop dairy qualities — especially butter production — 

 there is an antecedent probability of a divergence in type from 

 the beef -making animal. This exists in fact. A good specimen 

 of the Jersey cow viewed either from the front or side presents 

 a wedge-shaped appearance : that is, she is wider at the hips 

 than at the shoulders, and is lighter at the front than towards 

 the rear parts. Eeviewing her points in detail, we note that 

 her head is long and clean cut ; her eyes placid ; her horns fine, 

 'waxy, and of rich colour ; her neck is long, clean at the throat, 

 and lightly set on flat, sloping shoulders ; her withers are fine, 

 and her chest broad and deep ; her chine is thin, and her back 

 even, uniform and strong over the loins. The spinal processes 

 are somewhat open, giving the backbone a ridgy character. 

 Her rump is long and level ; her hips wide, and tine in bone. 

 Her ribs are large and full ; her body long and deep in girth, 

 especially in front of the udder, but not too capacious. Her 

 tail is fine from root to tip, hanging neatly over the rump-ends. 

 Her hind-quarters are wide apart ; her legs small below knee 

 and hock, and her hind legs stand square, neither ** cow-hocked " 



