THE UNITED KINGDOM. 105 



A remarkable herd of dairy Shorthorns. The following particulars 

 refer to Mr. Hutchinson's herd, well known as a famous one in York- 

 shire, and it will be the more valuable, inasmuch as he was the winner 

 of the royal prize for the best farm in 1883. The farm comprises about 

 250 acres, of which over 100 are grass. The soil is partly on gravel, and 

 the rest on strong clay loam, with bowlder stones. This latter is only 

 moderate, and without liberal treatment would not be very productive. 

 The present tenant on succeeding to the farm inherited a small herd of 

 unregistered Shorthorns, which, with one or two purchases and the use 

 of Warlaby and Killerby bulls, has resulted in a collection of cattle that 

 have won more prizes since they have been shown than any other herd 

 of similar dimensions. The most fortunate investment was Gerty, by 

 Vainhope, bought for 42 guineas when in calf to Knight of the Shire. 

 Gerty had 8 heifer calves, twins twice running, and from her descended 

 Gertrude, Gratitude, Grateful, Gratification, Gratulations, Gratuitous, 

 Gratia, and Glad Tidings. 



Another equally remarkable family are the Lady tribe, which we be- 

 lieve were bred by Mr. Hutchinson's father. Of this sort were Lady 

 Playful and Lady Alicia, winners at Taunton and Birmingham, and 

 Lady Pamela, the champion female at the York meeting in July, 1883, 

 a wonderfully true-grown and heavy-fleshed two-year-old, which was 

 first shown as a yearling at Reading in 1883 in a big class. At the last 

 five Royal meetings Mr. Hutchinson has secured five first and three 

 second prizes as well as three champion prizes. This is a record which 

 it would be hard to beat. Lady Pamela is wonderfully thick-fleshed and 

 true-grown, with great ribs and thighs, both upper and under lines per- 

 fect. She has won 21 first prizes and has only twice been beaten. Lady 

 Pamela 2d, own sister, a rich roan calf with great length, is also very 

 promising and likely to make a prize-winner, whilst Lady Gratia de- 

 serves high commendation. Glad Tidings, another of Gerty's descend- 

 ants, a handsome three-year-old, was put second at York to Mr. St. John 

 Acker's Lady Caren 9th, both being very good ones. 



In the pastures are to be found a lot of lusty cattle of generally uni- 

 form type, the best being a fine old cow, Lady Playful (the winner ot 

 fifty prizes) ; a long level white cow, Gratification ; Lady Gracious, by 

 British Lion out of Lady Grace, by K. C. B., a handsome red cow with 

 quality and substance; and a fine old wreck, Lady Laura, which had 

 won for her owner 800 in prizes. The bull in service was a two-year- 

 old, bred by Mr. Talbot Crosbie, out of Eiby Marchioness, which was quite 

 a useful animal, with great length and substance. On the farm, in ad- 

 dition to many other animals, were 29 cows, 13 heifers, 10 bull calves, 

 10 heifer calves, and 1 bull, the whole showing that it was heavily 

 stocked, and indicating also the high condition and large produce ob- 

 tained from the land. 



Treatment of dairy Shorthorns on a model farm. Mr. Turnbull, of Hull, 

 is another winner of a first prize at the Royal, and, as a very large dairy 

 farmer, occupying as he does more than one farm, and keeping and 

 breeding Shorthorns, we give the following particulars respecting his 

 system. In 18Sl-'82 no less than 120 acres of Mr. Turnbull's Twyer's 

 Wood Farm had been drained at 2 feet deep, the landlord finding 

 3-inch pipes, and the tenant leading and putting in the same. Deep 

 draining does not answer on the Holderness clay, though a depth of 

 from 30 to 36 inches might have been preferred. Over 90 acres have 

 been limed with 5 tons of magnesian lime per acre, which has proved 

 of the greatest advantage in securing healthy roots and improving the 

 quality and yield of grain, whereas as compost with road-scrapings the 



