152 CATTLE AND DAIRY FARMING. 



prefer to leave the glories of the prize ring to the other Scotch breeds, 

 such as the Angus and the West Highland. 



This, perhaps, in a measure (although it would be impossible to de- 

 tract from the value of the breed), has without doubt contributed to the 

 popularity of the other breeds and to the want of knowledge with re- 

 gard to the Galloway itself. 



As this breed is so essentially a meat-making one, it will hardly be sup- 

 posed that as a milker it has any especial value, but, like the Devon, 

 although it does not give a large quantity, it gives milk of a marvel- 

 lous quality. Some strains, however, give very much more than others, 

 while there are those which make a most respectable quantity of but- 

 ter in proportion to the milk they give. Speaking of it generally, it is a 

 non-milking breed; hence we have found it entirely impossible to ob- 

 tain any authentic records either of milk, butter, or cheese production, 

 although there are numerous cases in which owners have estimated 

 the yields of particular cows at from 9 to 12 pounds per week in the 

 middle of the summer season. We believe, however, that just as the 

 Eed Poll of Suffolk and Norfolk has been by judicious selection con- 

 verted into a milk -producing breed, so by great care in selection and 

 breeding the Galloway could be made, certainly not the best of milk- 

 ing breeds, but one of considerable value, such as would prove most 

 profitable to those who kept it for the purpose of making either butter 

 or cheese. 



That the marvelous prepotency of the Galloway breed is an evidence 

 of its purity and ancient character we firmly believe, and, as we re- 

 marked above, just as when mated with horned cows it produces the 

 calf without horns, so does the color of the progeny remain, being either 

 an entire black or a black which is slightly mingled with white or shaded 

 with blue. This fact leads us to make the suggestion that it would be 

 possible to cross the Galloway upon, for instance, Shorthorn cows of su- 

 perior milking quality and yet maintain the chief characteristics of the 

 breed, and as it is admitted, even by the breeders themselves, that it is 

 often difficult to tell a beast which is only half bred from one of pure 

 breed, so is it apparent that many of the objections which have been 

 made to Galloways as feeders have arisen from the fact that the observ- 

 ation has not been made from the pure breed, but from the cross-bred 

 itself. 



The Duke of Buccleuch put his famous Galloway bull Black Prince 

 of Drumlanrig (546), to two long-horned West Highland cows, carefully 

 selected from one of the oldest and best herds of that noble breed. 

 When the produce of this cross, two heifers, were grazing at the age 

 of about eighteen months among a lot of nearly a score of pure-bred 

 pedigree Galloway heifers, half a dozen of the most experienced and 

 best-known breeders of Galloways were asked by the duke's manager 

 to point out the half Galloways among the pure ones, and each one of 

 these experienced judges picked out the wrong animals, so closely did 

 the one in every particular resemble the other. Galloway bulls have 

 been very extensively put to both Shorthorn and Ayrshire cows, and in 

 England especially it has been a favorite and highly successful mode of 

 crossing for beef purposes to use the Shorthorn bull on the Galloway 

 cow. By either mode symmetrical cattle of very large frames have been 

 produced ; they have proved to be hardy, and their meat is free from 

 patchiness, well mixed, and altogether superior. Galloway crosses, when 

 liberally reared and fed, mature early and reach very heavy weights. 

 At the Smithfield fat stock show in 1882 a cross steer, by a Shorthorn 

 bull out of a Polled Galloway cow, weighed 1,480 pounds when one 



