312 CATTLE AND DAIRY FARMING. 



PURITY OF ST. GALLE MILK. 



The milk product of iny consular district is important. Mucli of it is 

 consumed, both in its natural state arid its various forms of manufact- 

 ure ; but Swiss statistics are so very meager that ifc is difficult to arrive 

 at any approximate amount of either the product or consumption. As 

 a rule farmers and dairymen prefer to sell the milk in its natural state 

 on the grounds ; it seems to them that there is more money in it than 

 by converting it into cheese and butter. The custom, therefore, is for 

 those in the neighborhood of towns and cities to deliver the milk 

 directly to the consumer at so much per quart, say 3J cents. 



Chemical analysis of milk at St. Galle. 



[From the cantonal chemical laboratory.] 



Per cent 



Dry substance 12.5 



Fat 3.4 



Caseino and albumen 4.0 



Milk-sugar 4.35 



Milk-salt 75 



The local laws protect the purity of the milk, and a dairyman or milk- 

 man detected in falsifying milk or selling skim-milk for unskimmed-milk 

 is liable to both fine and imprisonment. 



MILK-CURE ESTABLISHMENTS. 



There is a dairy in the suburbs of St. Galle where the cows are fed on 

 nothing but dry food the year round. The milk is recommended for 

 infants and aged people, is delivered by the dairyman from wagons at 

 7 cents per quart, and is claimed to be of considerable sanitary impor- 

 tance. There are also several "molkenkuranstalen" milk-cure-estab- 

 lishments in the neighborhood of St. Galle, which have existed for many 

 years, and where people are treated for various diseases entirely with 

 milk. 



EXPORTS OP SWISS- CONDENSED MILK. 



From the most reliable source I can find, it- appears the amount of 

 condensed milk exported from Switzerland during the last eight years 

 was as follows: 



Kilograms. 



1875 4,261,750 



1876 5,610,100 



1877 5,499,100 



1878 6,419,700 



1879 7,813,800 



1880 9,229,300 



1881 .... 11,591,400 



1882 '..'".'. I '..... 11,621,500 



CONDENSED-MILK MANUFACTURE IN SWITZERLAND 



There are three milk-condensing factories within my consular district, 

 one at Gossau, one at Eomanshorn, and one at Utweil. 



Each of these factories condense milk according to its own method, 

 but none of them use sugar. The condensing apparatus used is similar 

 to that used by condensing factories in the United States. The milk is 

 condensed down to one-third of its original volume. 



