328 



CATTLE AND DAIRY FARMING. 



fastened, and are not housed except in very severe weather, and in such 

 event the protection is such as only a heavy shed will afford. Their food 

 is the wild grass of the " Campagna" or "Terra di Lavoro," together with 

 a little hay at times, which is thrown upon the bushes that it may not 

 be trampled under foot. It is thought best that the calving should oc- 

 cur in the autumn rather than in spring, as the supply of milk is needed 

 for the winter cheeses, during which latter season the manufacture and 

 consumption thereof are the largest. 



The method of packing the cheeses for consumption is exceedingly 

 simple. They are worked into forms of convenient size, generally weigh- 

 ing from 2 to 3 pounds, and then packed in leaves and placed in strong 

 wicker baskets. 



The buffalo bull and cow when young are estimated to be worth about 

 600 francs j when full grown, from 800 to 900 francs. 



EXPORT TO THE UNITED STATES. 



In case of their shipment to the United States, the best method would 

 be by direct steamers to New York, a voyage of about twenty days. 

 I am informed by the management of one of the steamship lines be- 

 tween Naples and New York that the cost of shipment would be $75 

 per head, which would include boxing, watering, and feeding during 

 the voyage. 



I submit herewith a sketch of the buffalo bull, drawn from life. It 

 gives a fair idea of the animal, although not in itself a work of art. It 

 is the best that could be done under the circumstances. 



FPtANK G. HAUGHWOUT, 



Consul. 

 UNITED STATES CONSULATE, 



Naples, February 20, 1884. 



Special statistics concerning Italian buffalo cattle. 

 [Xamo of breed : Buffalo.] 



Average quantity of milk : About 14 liters per day. A liter equals about 2 pounds. 



Milk to pounds of cheese: Fifteen liters of milk make 3 kilograms, or 6 pounds, ol 

 cheese. 



Name of country: Terra di Lavoro, Italy. 



Age at maturity : Three years. 



Weight of meat at maturity : As near as can bo ascertained, the meat when fully pre 5 - 

 pared by butcher weighs 450 to 500 pounds. 



Color : Black or reddish black. 



Description : Shaped like ordinary cow ; short, round neck ; large and curving 

 horns ; rump larger than ordinary cow. 



PRODUCT. Labor: Farm work to slight extent. Meat: Not generally good for 

 meat market. Milk: Used for cheese making. Cheese: Entire amount of milk used 

 to make heavy, rich, white cheese. 



Altitude: About 100 feet. 



Temperature in summer : 18 to 20 Rdaumur; in winter, 8 Edaumur. 



Substratum : Clay resting on limestone bed. 



