VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY 227 



appearing in 1837 in the Journal (34, 201), and the last 

 twenty years later. 



Paleozoic Vertebrates. Later the vertebrates of the 

 Paleozoic began to attract attention, footprints from 

 Pennsylvania being described by Isaac Lea, beginning in 

 1849, a notice of his first paper appearing in the Journal 

 for that year (9, 124). Several papers followed on the 

 reptile Clepsysaurus. Alfred King also wrote on the 

 Carboniferous ichnites, his work slightly antedating that 

 of Lea, but being less authoritative. 



But by far the most illuminating of the mid-century 

 writers on Paleozoic vertebrates was Sir William Daw- 

 son, & very large proportion of whose numerous papers 

 relate to the Coal Measures of Nova Scotia and their 

 contained plant and animal remains. In 1853 appeared 

 Dawson's first announcement, written in collaboration 

 with Sir Charles Lyell, of the finding of the bones of 

 vertebrates within the base of an upright fossil tree trunk 

 at South Joggins. These bones were identified by Owen 

 and Wyman as pertaining to a reptilian or amphibian to 

 which the name Dendrerpeton acadianum was given. 

 Following this were several papers published in the 

 Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, London, 

 describing more vertebrates and associated terrestrial 

 molluscs. In 1863 Dawson summarized his discoveries 

 in the Journal (36, 430-432) under the title of "Air- 

 breathers of the Coal Period," a paper which was 

 expanded and published under the same title in the Cana- 

 dian Naturalist and Geologist for the same year. Daw- 

 son also printed in the same volume the first account of 

 reptilian (I) footprints from the coal. Thus from time 

 to time there emanated from his prolific pen the account 

 of further discoveries, both in bones and footprints, his 

 final synopsis of the air-breathing animals of the Paleo- 

 zoic of Canada appearing in 1895. The only other group 

 of vertebrates which claimed his attention were certain 

 whales, on which he occasionally wrote. 



Fishes. The fossil fishes from the Devonian of Ohio 

 found their first exponent in J. S. Newberry, appointed 

 chief geologist of the second geological survey of Ohio, 

 which was established in 1869. These fishes from the 

 Devonian shales belonged for the greater part to the 



