82 



The residue, insoluble in ether, comprised : 



Ash, insoluble in hydrochloric acid ... 15*31 per cent. 



Ash, soluble in hydrochloric acid 275 



Albumenoids (N x 6-25) 478 ,, 



Pentosans (ToLLEN's 1 method) 2-34 



Nitrogen - free extract substance, crude 



fibre, tannin and loss iO'8g 



Extracts obtained by ether or petroleum-ether were always found 

 to be free from nitrogen. 



The proportion of sand present in lupulin is very variable and 

 ranged in the samples examined from lO'gi to 20-24 per cent. (SiO a ). 



Older analyses similarly show that the composition of commercial 

 lupulin is very variable. 



For instance, IvES 2 gives : 



Tannin, 5 ; extractive bodies, 10 ; bitter substance, 1 1 ; wax, 12 ; 

 resin, 36 ; fibre (lignin) 46, in 120 parts. 



PAYEN, S PELLETAN S and CHEVALIER S find ethereal oil, 2 ; bitter 

 substance, 10*3 ; resin, 55 ; fibre, 32, in 100 parts. 



AUBRY* gives : 



Ethereal extract 82-5 



Extracted by ammonia 7-5 



Lupulin cellular substance 6-0 



Ash, silica 4*0 



Other analyses, to be found in the literature of the subject, are 

 quite worthless. 



WiMMER, 4 for example, gives an analysis in which the 

 constituents add up to 111*15 per cent, obviously based on some 

 error. 



1 Zeitsckrift f. d. ges. Brauwesen, 1898, 413. 



2 American Journal of Science of Silliman II, 1820, 302. 

 8 Journal de Pharmacie, 8, 209. 



4 Lintner : Lehrbuch der Bierbrauerei, Braunschweig, 1878, 96 and 98. 



