A TRAM-CAR HORSE. 175 



in the horse, ' Humane ' procured a set of Charlier 

 shoes, and tried them on one of the horses. They 

 were ten-inch shoes i.e. more than double .the need- 

 ful length. The horse was run for nearly two 

 hundred and thirty miles as a test, and the plan 

 answered so well that the ordinary shoes were aban- 

 doned and the Charlier substituted. 



' Humane,' however, was not content with the 

 ordinary Charlier, but tried a series of experiments, 

 the result being that ' the shorter the iron, the better 

 it answers.' So he now limits the length of the shoe 

 to four inches, its weight, nails included, being four 

 ounces, as against the thirty-two ounces (without 

 nails) of the shoes which were formerly used. 



He makes his own shoes in the following manner : 

 6 I buy the half-inch round iron and flatten it to 

 three-eighths by half an inch. I cut off four inches, 

 weighing four ounces, and nail on with No. 6 

 countersunk nails.' 



Here I present the reader with an illustration 

 copied from a photograph taken from one of 

 ' Humane's ' tram-car horses. The animal was one 

 of the worst ' screws,' and was condemned to the 

 knacker on account of his hopelessly diseased feet. 

 His master, however, determined to give him a 

 chance of life, and tried the Charlier plan. The 

 horse at once went better for the change, and soon 



