HISTORY OF THE HORSE. 15! 



activity every vice latent in his nature. Of the 

 numerous faults ascribed to the horse a very 

 small portion are chargeable to his natural dis- 

 position, the remainder being the direct result of 

 vicious training, or rather of the absence of 

 training, and the substitution of something which, 

 under that name, first produces and then fosters 

 the faults for which the animal is punished; 

 while often the punishment is ineffectual, be- 

 cause the animal has no conception of why it is 

 made to suffer. 



Education is as essential to the horse as it is 

 to man, and in each case it must proceed on the 

 same general principles. Man, if uneducated 

 and untrained would degenerate into barbarism, 

 and the horse, unless brought under subjection 

 to an intelligent will, will remain wild and ungov- 

 ernable. In each case education is the process 

 by which the higher and better qualities are 

 developed and the lower and evil are restrained. 

 The first grand lesson to be learned by each is 

 that of subjection to authority ; the child is 

 taught that by his parent ; the horse must learn 



