RULES OF THE COURSE. 533 



RULE 47. Loud Shouting. Any rider or driver guilty of loud shouting, or making 

 other improper noise, or of making improper use of the whip during the pendency of 

 a heat, shall be punished by a fine not to exceed $25, or by suspension during the 

 meeting. [See also Rule 48.] 



RULE 48. Fouls. If any act or thing shall be done by any owner,- rider, driver, or 

 their horse or horses, during any race or in connection therewith, which these rules 

 define or warrant the Judges in deciding to be fraudulent or foul, and if no special 

 provision is made in these rules to meet the case, the Judges shall have power to 

 punish the offender by fine not to exceed $100, or by suspension or expulsion. And 

 in any case of foul riding or driving they shall distance the offending horse, unless 

 they believe such a decision will favor a fraud. 



The term " foul " shall be construed to apply to riding or driving contrary to rule, 

 to any act of a fraudulent nature, and to any unprincipled conduct such as tends to 

 debase the character of the trotting turf in the estimation of the public. [See also 

 Rules 28, 29, 35, 46 and 47.] 



RULE 49. Fines. All persons who shall have been fined under these rules, unless 

 they pay the fines imposed in full on the day of assessment, shall be suspended until 

 they are so paid or deposited with the Treasurer of the National Association. 



All fines which shall be paid to the association or proprietor on whose grounds they 

 were imposed, shall by them be reported and paid to the Treasurer of said National 

 Association. 



RULE 50. No Compromise of Penalties. In no case shall there be any compromise 

 in the manner of punishment prescribed in the rules, but the same shall be strictly 

 enforced. 



RULE 51. Suspensions and Expulsions. Whenever the penalty of suspension is 

 prescribed in these rules, if applied to a horse, it shall be construed to mean a dis- 

 qualification during the time of suspension to enter or compete in any race to be per- 

 formed on the course of the association or proprietor; and if applied to a person, it 

 shall be construed to mean a conditional withholding of all right or privilege to make 

 an entry, or to ride, drive, train, or assist on the course and grounds of the associa- 

 tion or proprietor. 



If no limit is fixed in an order of suspension and none is defined in the rule applica- 

 ble to the case, the punishment shall be considered as limited to the season in which 

 the order was issued. 



Whenever the penalty of expulsion is prescribed in these rules, it shall be construed 

 to mean unconditional exclusion and disqualification from any participation in the 

 privileges and uses of the course and grounds of the association or proprietor. 



No penalty of expulsion shall be removed or modified, except by the order or upon 

 the approval of the Board of Appeals. 



Whenever either of these penalties has been imposed on any horse or person, on 

 the grounds of any association or proprietor holding membership in said National 

 Association, written or printed notice thereof shall immediately be forwarded to the 

 Secretary of said National Association, stating the offense and the character of pun- 

 ishment, who shall at once transmit the information to each associated course or 



