222 MERISTIC VARIATION. [part i. 



probably both of the same strain, C. M. 991, F and G; and Fox Terrier, C. M., 

 991, R; ^ absent on leftjide, 2 cases. Irish Wolf-dog, B. M. 82. 11. 11. 1; Fox 

 Terrier, C. S. M., 580, A ; ^s absent on right side, 1 case, Bloodhound, B. M., 166, t. 

 besides a few doubtful cases. 



Inca dogs : for evidence as to absence of molars, see No. 244. 



FELID.E. 



The following evidence relates to the genera Felis and Gyn- 

 celurus. The usual formula is /§, c\, p§, m\. Of ivild species, 

 278 adult skulls having no extra teeth were seen, and 8 cases 

 of extra teeth (nearly 3 per cent.) : of domestic Cats, 35 adults 

 without, and 3 cases with extra teeth (so far, about 9 per cent.). 

 As in Canida? so in Felidse, there is a remarkable group of cases 

 of variation in the anterior premolars. In the normal a smaH 

 anterior premolar stands in the upper jaw, and commonly it is 

 one-rooted, sometimes two-rooted (cases given) ; but there is no 

 small anterior premolar in the lower jaw. 



Cases of variation consisting in the presence of two small 

 premolars above are common 1 , just as there are often two small 

 anterior premolars in the Dog. There are besides a few cases 

 of the presence of a small anterior premolar in the lower jaw, 

 but they are rather rare, and curiously enough there seems to 

 be no case of the coincidence of these two variations in the same 

 skull. 



As already stated, in describing cases, the small anterior pre- 

 molar in the upper jaw will be here spoken of as p 1 , though no 

 suggestion that it is the homologue of the Dog's p^ is meant. 



In a few species £_ is most commonly absent (cases given). 

 There are some curious cases of duplicates of large premolars (Cat) 

 and one of duplicate canine (Tiger), also a few of supernumerary 

 molar. Though so small, and biting on no tooth of the lower 

 jaw, m* is nearly always in place even in old skulls (Hensel). 



Variation in Incisors. 



No quite satisfactory case of numerical variation in incisors of Felidfe known to 

 me. The following should however be rnentioned. 

 203. r. lynx: two extra teeth in premaxillae. Right incisors normal; sockets for left 

 incisors normal. Outside left f and close to canine is an extra tooth of good size, 

 and in same place on right is a socket for a similar tooth. Since they are in pre- 

 maxillae these teeth are probably not persistent milk-canines. Lower canines bite in 

 front of the extra teeth. B. M., 1156, a. 



Incisors absent. 



2(34, F. pardalis: i 1 and T 1 absent on left side. As regards the lower jaw the tooth 



may have been present, and been lost, but left & has probably never been present. 



It is especially notable that left ? is larger than right &, but there is no indication 



that z 1 is compounded with it. B. M., 1068, a. 



F. chate [1 =pardalis']: doubtful if i 1 has been present on either side. B. M., 



55. 12. 26. 178. 

 2(3,*) Cynaelurus jubatus : no trace of right f 3 " same skull has no P^\ lower jaw 



normal. B. M., 135,/. 



1 For discussion of such cases see Chapter x. Section 5. 



