128 SEX INHERITANCE 



which he locates either in the cytoplasm, that is, 

 outside the chromosomal mechanism, or, more 

 probably, in the W chromosome. These factors 

 do not segregate, and are transmitted from the 

 female to her sons and daughters alike. The FF 

 factors stand for femaleness, which apparently in- 

 cludes the eggs, ovaries, secondary sexual charac- 

 ters, and genitaUa, in fact, all parts associated with 

 the female. The sex of a given individual is de- 

 pendent on the balance struck by the activity of 

 the factors Mm and FF. 



One illustration of the kind of explanation ad- 

 vanced by Goldschmidt may be given. As stated, 

 he represents the female by FFMm, and the male 

 by FFMM. If in a certain race the FF ''factorial 

 set" is represented by 80 units, and the ''present" 

 male factor, M, by 60 units, then the above formula 

 for the female becomes 80 - 60 = +20, and the 

 male formula becomes 80 - (60 + 60) = -40. In 

 the former, female units "dominate," in the latter, 

 the male. Values like these can be arbitrarily set 

 for all the different races. For instance the follow- 

 ing values are assigned to the "weak" European 

 race and the "strong" Japanese: 



Weak European Race Strong Japanese Race 

 9 (FF) Mm 9 (FF) Mm 



80 60 100 80 



c? (FF) MM c? (FF) M M 



80 60, 60 100 80, 80 



