ZIZYPHUS JUJUBA 81 



previously heated, is covered with another, inverted over the 

 opening. On the sides of the latter a thick black oil condenses 

 which Herklots very appropriately named Oleum nigrum. 



Botanical Description. — A climbing shrub, 6-9° high, 

 without spines. Leaves 6-7 ' long by 5' broad, alternate, pet- 

 iolate, entire, glabrous, half-ovate. Flowers small and panicu- 

 late. Calyx, 5 divisions. Corolla, 5 petals. Stamens 5, in- 

 serted in a disc. Anthers oblong. Ovary 3-celled. Stigma 

 3-lobulate. Style short. Seed vessel the size of a pea, globose, 

 3-celled, loculicidal, with pulpy seeds. 



Habitat. — Tayabas, Laguna, Ilocos North, San Mateo, 

 Albay. Flowers in April. 



RHAMNACE-ffi. 



Buckthorn Family. 



Zizyphus Jujuba, Lam. (Rhamnus Jujuba, L. & 



Blanco ; Z. Mauritania, Wall.) 



Nom. Vulg. — Manzanitas, Sp.-Fil.; Jujube Fruit, Eng. 



Uses. — The small fruit known commonly as manzanitas has 

 an agreeable taste, although ordinarily offered for sale before 

 they are quite ripe. They are among the most popular dain- 

 ties at the fairs and festivals in the provinces of Manila and 

 are the only part of the plant used in medicine. They possess 

 emollient qualities and are official in the codex. They enter 

 in the composition of the so-called pectoral remedies (composed 

 of equal parts of figs, dates, Corinthian raisins and manzanitas). 



Botanical Desckiption. — A shrub, with hooked thorns, 

 leaves alternate, petiolate, coriaceous, entire, 3-nerved, 2 thorny 

 stipules, one of them crooked. Flowers small, greenish, axillary. 

 Calyx, 5 oval divisions. Corolla, 5 petals. Stamens 5, free. 

 Ovary bilocular, situated on the disc. Styles 2-3, divergent ; 

 small papillary stigmas. Drupe pulpy, globose, resembling a 

 crab-apple in size and taste, enclosing a hard, 2-celled seed. 



Habitat. — Common in all parts of the islands. 



