Cords in Quiet Respiration in Man, $c. 405 



without their attention being in the least drawn to their mode of 

 respiration, it will be seen, as above stated, that only in a small 

 fraction appreciable widening and narrowing of the glottis occurs, 

 and that, in the overwhelming majority of cases, the latter, during 

 both phases of respiration, forms an almost stationary isosceles tri- 

 angle, such as described by Rosenthal. To obtain this result, however, 

 all the conditions just mentioned must be rigidly adhered to. 



Corroborative evidence concerning the almost quiescent state of the 

 glottis in man during quiet respiration will be found in the text-books 

 and writings of Czermak,* Luschka,f RiegelJ Schech, Von 

 Bruns,|| Merkel,! Mandl,** Tobold,ff Stoerk,+J Bresgen, 

 Gottstein,|||| Rosenbach,^[ Krause.*** 



Seuaeleder,ttt Buro\v,J^J Prosser James, and Bosworth|||||| 

 merely mention the rhythmic excursions, and B. Frankel,^"^ though 

 he does not directly speak of a state of quiescence, expressly states 

 that even during expiration the glottis is wider open than when seen 

 after death. The utterances of Sir Duncan Gibb,**** Turck,fftt 

 Fauvel,J+JJ T. Solis Cohen, and Sir Morell Mackenzie|||||||| 

 allow of no definite conclusions as to these authors' views on the point 

 at issue. 



* ' Der Kehlkopfspiegel,' 1860, p. 36. 



t ' Der Kehlkopf des Menschen,' 1871, p. 49. 



J Volkmann's ' Sammlung klinicher Vortrage,' No. 95. 



' Experimentelle Untersuchungen iiber die Functionen der Nerven und 

 Muskeln des Kehlkopfs,' 1873, p. 40. 



|| ' Laryngoscopie und laryngoscopische Chirurgie,' 1873, p. 101. 



T ' Anatomic und Physiologic des Stimm- und Sprachorgans,' 1863, p. 120. 



** ' Traite" pratique des Maladies du Larynx,' 1872, p. 245. 



t+ ' Laryngoscopie und Kehlkopfkrankheiten,' 1874, p. 126. 



JJ ' Klinik der Krankheiten des Kehlkopfs,' 1860, p. 68. 



' Pathologie und Therapie der Nasen- Mundrachen- und Kehlkopf kranklieiten,' 

 1884, p. 34. 



Illl ' Die Krankheiten des Kehlkopfs,' 1890, pp. 11, 12. 



TIT " Zur Lehre von der doppelseitigen totalen Lahmung des Nervua laryngeus 

 inferior (recurrens) " (' Breslauer aerztliche Zeitschrift," Januar 24, 1890. Reprint, 

 p. 10). 



*** " Experimentelle Untersuchungen und Studien iiber Contracturen der Stimm- 

 bandmuskehi " (' Virchow's Archiv,' vol. 98, 1884. Reprint, p. 37). 



ttt ' Die Laryngoscopie,' 1863, p. 6. 



JJ+ ' Laryngoskopischer Atlas,' 1877, p. 25. 



' Sore Throat,' 1878, p. 60. 



Jill || ' A Manual of Diseases of the Throat and Nose,' 1881, p. 16. 



mriF In v. Ziemssen's ' Handbuch der spec. Pathol. u. Therap.' 2nd edit., vol. 4. 

 Reprint, p. 54. 



**** ' Diseases of the Throat and Windpipe,' 1864, p. 453. 



tttt ' Klinik der Krankheiten des Kehlkopfs,' 1866, p. 80. 



J1IJ ' Traite pratique des Maladies du Larynx,' 1876, p. 79. 



' Diseases of the Throat and Nasal Passages,' 1879, pp. 60 and 61. 

 1 A Manual of Diseases of the Throat and Nose,' vol. 1, 1880, p. 242. 



