1891.] 



President's Address. 



221 



' The Philosophy of Theism ' and numerous papers published in 

 scientific journals as proof of his ability to write good English. He was, 

 therefore, allowed to receive the appointment in the Geological Survey 

 in Edinburgh, though he had failed to pass the qualifying examina- 

 tion. During the rest of his life he was thus kept in relation with 

 the great practical work of the Geological Survey in Scotland, and 

 was allowed time to devote himself to speculative study and writing 

 in geological physics, astronomy, and philosophy. During the last 

 year of his life he sent to press his last work, published a few weeks 

 before his death, entitled ' The Philosophical Basis of Evolution.' 



The bitter winter of 1891 severely tried the health of many dis- 

 tinguished men. During the first seventeen days of January the 

 "Royal Society lost four Fellows. 



John Marshall was Professor of Anatomy to the Royal Academy, 

 and, as representative of the Royal College of Surgeons, President of 

 the General Medical Council. His contributions to surgical litera- 

 ture, though not numerous, were considered of high value by those 

 able to judge. He died, on the 1st January, at the age of seventy-two. 



Dr. Casey, Fellow of the Royal University of Ireland, distinguished 

 as a mathematician, was corresponding member of several scientific 

 societies, and author of historical and elementary works on various 

 branches of mathematics. He was in vigorous health until a short 

 time before his death, when he was seized with, bronchitis. He died, 

 on January 3rd, at the age of seventy. 



Dr. Brady's scientific reputation was mainly connected witli his 

 researches on the Rhizopoda and other minute forms of Invertebrate 

 life. On these he published many memoirs of great value, by which 

 knowledge was largely advanced. He was a Fellow of the Royal 

 Society, the Linnean Society, and the Geological Society ; and corre- 

 sponding member of several foreign scientific bodies. He died, on 

 January 10th, at the age of fifty-six. He bequeathed to the Royal 

 Society all his books and papers relating to the Protozoa, with an 

 additional benefaction to which I shall refer later. 



Dr. Graham Balfour was Surgeon- General to the Army and 

 Honorary Physician to the Queen, and President of the Royal Statis- 

 tical Society. He died, on January 17th, at the age of sixty-eight. 



Dr. Peter Martin Duncan, Professor of Geology in King's College, 

 was well known, not only as a geologist who devoted himself especi- 

 ally to the study of fossil Corals and Echinoderms, and added greatly 

 to knowledge by his valuable published memoirs on that subject, but 

 also as a popular exponent of geology and zoology and an author and 

 editor of works extending through the whole range of natural 

 history. One great result of his work was a popular ' Natural 

 History,' in six quarto volumes, brought out between the years 1878 

 and 188?, written by able specialists, on a comprehensive plan under 



