1894.] The Refractive Character of the Eyes of Horses. 42 1 



Compound Myopic Astigmatism, (43 Eyes). 



Amount of error, O25 D 21 eyes. 



0*50 5 ,, 



0-75,, 11 



I'OO,, 4 



>5 > 1'25 2 



The most common amount of error was 0'25 D and 0'75 D. 



Simple Myopic Astigmatism (8 Eyes). 



Amount of error, 0"25 D 1 eye, 



>> > 5 0*50 ,, 5 



> 1'25 1 



1'50 1 



Hypermetropia (1 Eye). 

 Amount of error, O25 D 1 eye. 



Compound Hypermetropic Astigmatism (1 Eye). 

 Amount of error, 0'25 D 1 eye. 



Simple Hypermetropic Astigmatism (1 Eye). 

 Amount of error, 0'25 D 1 eye-' 



Mixed Astigmatism (6 Eyes). 



Amount of error, 0'50 D 5 eyes. 



, 2-25 1 eye. 



The amount of error shown in these different refractions is small, 

 so much so that many eyes might be regarded as emmetropic. In only 

 about 33 per cent, of the myopic eyes did the amount of error 

 exceed 1 D. 



The number of astigmatic horses is remarkable, viz., 74 per cent., 

 but we cannot agree with Hirschberg that the amount found is 

 " intense." Of 59 astigmatic eyes only in nine did the error exceed 

 ID. 



The following horses in my table gave a history of "shying," viz., 

 Nos. 9, 13, 18, 19, 25, 26, 27, 28, 32, 42, 48, and 54; from this list I 

 have excluded three doubtful cases, but it must not be supposed that 

 all the above horses " shied " so badly as to constitute a vice ; nor 



2 G 2 



