1894.] Organisation, and Classification of Fossil Ee^tilia. 293 



dyles well developed ; and the proximal crest has a form which is 

 seen in Marsupials, but the articular head is transverse. 



The vertebral column measures 37 ins. from the body of the 

 atlas to the last lumbar vertebra ; and its total length is 45 ins., but 

 the extremity of the tail is lost. There appear to be only six cervicals 

 denned by the form and direction of the transverse processes for the 

 tubercles of the ribs. The head of the rib is attached to the inter- 

 central suture, and in the first vertebra reaches the intercentrum. 

 There are 29 presacral vetebrse, of which 18 may be counted as dorsal 

 and 5 as lumbar. The most distinctive feature of the vertebral 

 column is the interlocking of the ribs in the lower dorsal and lumbar 

 region, where the ribs become transversely expanded, and anchylosed 

 to the side of the centrum. The neural arch in the lumbar region also 

 interlocks, by an arrangement resembling the zygosphene and 

 zygantrum of Serpents. No dorsal rib is completely preserved. 



The sacrum is small ; and the sacral ribs are smaller than the 

 lumbar ribs, They are four in number. The middle two vertebrae are 

 anchylosed. The caudal vertebrae are short, only four are preserved. 

 They indicate a considerable movement. There is 110 evidence of 

 dermal armour. The characters of the vertebral column described by 

 Professor Cope, in Dimetrodon and allied genera, closely resemble 

 Cynognathus. 



The pelvis consists of three bones ; the ilium forms an expanded 

 plate more resembling Megalosaurus than Dicynodon. There is a 

 large longitudinal obturator foramen, between the pubis and the 

 ischium. The anterior transverse border of the pubis is carljilagi- 

 nous, and there is no evidence of pre-pubic bones. The ischium is 

 larger than the pubis. The author compares the anomodont pelvis 

 with that of Plesiosauria, although Pliosatirus, in the form of the 

 ilium, more closely approaches Dicynodon than Cynognathus. 



The femur is imperfectly preserved. It was characterised, as in all 

 Theriodonts known to the author, by the development of an immense 

 inferior plate or ridge at the proximal end, which distinguishes it 

 from allied animals. In this specimen the ridge is broken away. 

 The head of the bone is greatly expanded transversely ; and the distal 

 end is not preserved. 



Under the name Cynognathus Berryi the author desciibes imperfect 

 evidence of a smaller skull of Cynognathus, which is distinguished 

 from G. craternotus with some doubt ; but if distinct it is defined by 

 the relatively large size of the middle mandibular incisor, the apparent 

 presence of ten molars, in all of which the crowns overlap each other, 

 and the roots are barely shown at the alveolar border. In the small 

 species the cutting margin and the cusps of the posterior teeth are 

 better defined. 



If the species are identical the teeth have probably yet to be re- 



