2 HYMENOPTERA. 



Species of Europe. (Sp. 1-25.) 



Subdivision 1. 



Anterior wings with one marginal, two submarginal, and one 

 discoidal cell. The scale of the peduncle vertical and compressed. 

 Ocelli present in the males, females, and usually so in the 

 workers. 



A. Males smaller than the females, but not remarkably so. 



Note. — In describing the workers of this genus we have used 

 the terms Worker major and Worker minor ; amongst the British 

 species such positive distinctions are not so readilj' discernible 

 as in man}' exotic ones ; amongst these, the large workers are 

 distinguished by an enormously developed head, wider than either 

 the thorax or abdomen ; the small workers in such species have 

 the head of the ordinary size and form, not being wider than 

 the abdomen ; these have also usually more slender and elongate 

 legs. In the majority of the British species two forms or sizes 

 of workers are to be met with, but in the societies of F. fuliginosa 

 little or no difference in size is to be detected. The ocelli, as a 

 general rule, are to be found in all the sexes, but in F. nigra, 

 flava and umbrata they are only to be seen under a high magni- 

 fying power. 



1. Formica rufa. PI. III. figs. 1, 7, 8, 9. B.M. 



Formica rufa, Linn. Faun. Suec. no. 1721 ; Syst. Nat. i. 962. 3. 

 Scop. Ins. Cam. 313. 836. 

 Fabr. Syst. Ent. 391. 4; Ent. Syst. ii. 351. 8; Syst. Piez. 



398. 11. 

 Schrank, Ins. Austr. no. 834. 

 Rossi, Faun. Etrus. ii. 113. 836. 

 Don. Brit. Ins. xiv. 76. t. 496 $ . 

 Oliv. Encycl. Meth. vi. 493. 14. 



Latr. Hist. Nat. Fourm. 143. pi. 5. f. 28. A. B. <? ? $ . 

 Burner. Consid. gen. 211. t. 32. f. 2 ? . 

 Jurine, Hym. 272. 

 St. Farg. Hym. i. 201. 3. 

 Curtis, Brit. Ent. xvi. t. 752 ^ $ § . 

 Zett. Ins. Lapp. 449. 5. 

 Brulle, Exped. Sc. de Moree, iii. 327. 727. 

 Nyl. Form. Fr. et d' Alger. 60. 14 ; Adno. Mon. Form. Bor. 



902. 5. 

 Foerst. Hym. Stud. Form. 13. 3. 

 Schenck, Beschr. Nass. Ameis. 25. 



Smith, Brit. Form. Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. iii. n. s. 100. 1. 

 Mayr. Form. Austr. 66. 9 ; Ungar. Ameis. 9. 9. 



