igo DENGUE [CH. 



Reed and Carroll (1902). Recent researches concerning the etiology, 

 propagation, and prevention of Yellow Fever, by the U.S. Army 

 Commission. Journ. of Hygiene, vol. 11, pp. 101-119. 



Sanarelli, G. (1897). Etiologie et pathog^nie de la fidvre jaune. Ann. 

 Inst. Pasteur, xi, p. 433. 



Seidelin, H. (191 1). The Etiology of Yellow Fever. Yellow Fever 

 Bulletin, vol. i. pp. 229-258. 



For a complete bibliography see the Yellow Fever Bulletin, and 

 also Scheube's Die Krankheiten der warmen Lander. (Jena : G. Fischer.) 



II. Dengue. 



Synonyms. The synonymy of this disease is very extensive, 

 upwards of 100 names having been apphed to it. The most 

 important of these are as follows : Dandy Fever ; Breakbone 

 Fever ; Febris Endemica cum Roseola ; Exanthesis Arthrosia ; 

 Arthrodynie ; Knokkelkoorts ; Eruptive Rheumatic Fever ; 

 Fievre rouge, etc. 



History. The first records of dengue do not appear before 

 the end of the eighteenth century, though there is some possi- 

 bility that an epidemic noted by Pazzio as occurring in Seville 

 from 1764 to 1768 was caused by this disease. 



In 1779 dengue was noted in Cairo and Arabia, by Gaberti ; 

 in India, by Persin ; and also in Batavia, by David Bylon. 

 The following year Rush described an epidemic occurring in 

 Philadelphia, and in 1784 the disease was introduced from the 

 West Indies into Spain, where it caused severe epidemics in 

 Cadiz and Seville, which were well described by Cristobal 

 Cubillas. 



During the nineteenth century epidemics have been recorded 

 from most tropical and subtropical regions. According to 

 Manson there is a tendency for these epidemics to occur at 

 intervals of about 20 years. The last epidemic to occur in 

 Europe was in 1889, when the disease was especially prevalent 

 in Turke5^ Greece, and the Eastern Mediterranean region 

 generally. 



Distribution and epidemiology. Dengue is essentially a 

 tropical disease, but occasionally it extends into subtropical 

 regions. It has occurred in practically every country between 



