178 composite. [Blumea. 



ovate or obovate, coarsely toothed, rather thin, green on both sides, the lower 

 ones often 3 to 5 in. long and almost lobed at the base, with long stalks, the 

 upper ones smaller and narrower, but all stalked. Flower-heads about 4 lines 

 long, all pedunculate in the Hongkong specimens, the upper ones nearly sessile 

 and clustered in some S. Indian ones, forming a large pyramidal panicle often 

 a foot long. Style-branches in this and the three following species linear- 

 filiform, as in the two last, but somewhat obtuse. 



Roadsides at Aberdeen, Wilford. A south Indian species, extending from Ceylon and the 

 Peninsula to Chittagong and the Philippines, and probably spread over the Indian Archipelago. 

 The Hongkong specimens agree precisely with those of the var. £, Thwaites (Enum. Ceyl. PI. 

 163), which is taller and less glandular than usual, although evidently viscid when fresh. 



4. B. hieracifolia, DC. Prod. v. 442 ; Wight, let. 1099 {a dwarf form). 

 An erect stiff almost simple annual, 1 to 2 ft. high, more or less tomentose 

 or villous, but not viscid. Leaves oblong, irregularly and rather sharply 

 toothed, the lowest nearly obovate, 2 to 3 in. long and stalked, the others 

 sessile, though narrowed at the base, the uppermost almost lanceolate. Flower- 

 heads about 4 lines long, mostly sessile and clustered, the lower clusters dis- 

 tant, the upper ones forming a terminal leafy spike, or seldom branching into 

 an oblong terminal panicle. Involucres always tomentose, the bracts linear 

 and acute, but always broader than in the two following species. 



Hongkong, Champion, Hance, Wright. Common all over southern Asia from Ceylon 

 and the Peninsula to the Archipelago, extending northwards to Assam, the Philippines, S. 

 China, and Formosa. 



This as well as the two following are very variable species, and it is probable that the 55 

 species classed by De Candolle under the Paniculate, Senecioniflorce, and Fasciculafora, 

 and among which they are included, might be reduced to about 10, which, from good speci- 

 mens, would be fairly distinguishable from each other. Of the B. hieracifolia there are 

 three principal forms among the Hongkong specimens : — 



Var. a. glabrescens. Tall, stiff, slightly branched ; leaves rather rigid and glabrous on both 

 sides. — B. crinita, Steetz in Seem. Bot. Her. 387 ; but perhaps not of Arnott, for the Ceylon 

 plant of that name may be a distinct species. 



Var. b. tomentoso-villosa. The old leaves pubescent or nearly glabrous above, more densely 

 villous underneath. — B.javanica, Zoll. ex parte, Benth. in Kew Journ. Bot. v. 234. 



Var. c. holosericea. Under side of the leaves and panicles thickly clothed with silky or 

 almost woolly white hairs. — B. holosericea, DC. Prod. v. 442. 



5. B. lacera, DC. Prod. v. 436. An erect annual, 1 to 2 ft. high, simple 

 or slightly branched, but not so stiff as B. hieracifolia, more or less clothed 

 with soft whitish hairs or pubescence. Leaves all stalked, obovate, ovate, or 

 rarely oblong, coarsely toothed, the lower ones often somewhat lyrate. Mower- 

 heads seldom above 3 lines long, and often smaller, very numerous, in narrow 

 oblong dense panicles, leafy at the base, the upper ones of the short branches 

 sessile and clustered. Involucral bracts usually very narrow. 



Common in paddy-fields and waste places, Wilford. One of the commonest weeds all 

 over East India, extending westward into tropical Africa and down to Port Natal, and east- 

 ward through the Archipelago to North Australia. 



6. B. Wightiana, 1)0. Prod. v. 435. Closely allied to B. lacera, and 

 probably, as suggested by Thwaites, a mere variety. It is more slender and 

 more frequently branched, the leaves are broader and thinner, the inflorescence 

 looser, and the involucres still smaller, often not exceeding 2 lines. 



Hongkong, Harland, Hance. Equally common with B. lacera, and as widely distributed 



