Engelhardtia."] juglande^e. 319 



perfect state for identification as to species. It may possibly be a variety of E. Wallichiana, 

 Lindl., a Silhet species, with glabrous leaves and fruits, but in our specimen the leaflets are 

 more numerous and narrower, and the fruiting bracts smaller and thiner. The drupes have 

 fallen away. 



Order XCYI. AMENTACEiE. 



Flowers unisexual. Male flowers in catkins. Stamens 2 or more, either 

 within 1 or 3 scales, or surrounded by several scales, sometimes forming a pe- 

 rianth of 5 or 6 segments. Female flowers either solitary, or 2 or 3 together 

 within 1 or 3 scales, in catkins or heads, or surrounded by several empty 

 scales. Perianth none, or closely combined with the ovary, with a minute, 

 free, entire, or toothed border. Ovary 1 -celled or several-celled, with 2 or 

 more styles, always resulting in a 1 -celled fruit, which is either a 1 -seeded nut, 

 or a several-seeded capsule opening in 2 valves. Seeds without albumen. — 

 Trees or shrubs. Leaves alternate, usually with stipules. Flowers small. 

 Catkin-scales usually persistent under or round the fruit. 



A considerable Order, widely distributed over the globe, but chiefly in the temperate re- 

 gions of both hemispheres, or in mountainous districts within the tropics. 



Stamens 6 to 12, surrounded by an almost regular perianth of 5 or 6 scales. 

 Female flowers in an involucre of many imbricate scales. 

 Nut completely enclosed in a very prickly involucre or opening in valves 1. Castanea. 

 Nut either surrounded by a cup-shaped involucre, or enclosed in an in- 

 volucre not prickly and bursting irregularly 2. Quercus. 



Stamens 2 to 8, within 1 or few scales. Female flowers 1 or 2 under each 



scale. Nut resinous or drupe-like 3. Myrica. 



1. CASTANEA, Tcurn. 



Flowers and habit of Quercus. Fruiting involucre completely enclosing the 

 nut, covered with stout, often branched prickles, and opening in valves when 

 ripe. 



A small genus, dispersed over eastern and central Asia, S. Europe, and N. W. America, 



1. C. concinna, Champ, in Kew Journ. Bot. vi. 115 ; Seem. Bot. Her. 

 tf. 86. A tree, the young branches softly tomentose. Leaves stalked, oblong- 

 lanceolate, acuminate, about 3 in. long, quite entire, coriaceous, glabrous 

 above, tomentose underneath, with prominent parallel veins. Male spikes 

 rather lax, erect or spreading, 1£ to 3 in. long, solitary in the axils of the 

 young leaves, but forming with them a terminal panicle. Stamens about 10. 

 Female spikes shorter and solitary. Involucres 1 -flowered. Styles 3, subu- 

 late, diverging. Fruiting involucre very densely crowded with stout clustered 

 branching prickles. Nut depressed-globular, \ in. diameter. 



In the Happy Valley woods, but rare, Champion ; also Hance and Seemann. Not known 

 from elsewhere. 



2. QUERCUS, Linn. 



Flowers monoecious or rarely dioecious. Male flowers : Perianth of 5 or 6 

 scales. Stamens 6 to 12 or rarely more, inserted round a hairy centre ; fila- 

 ments slender. Female flowers solitary or 2 or 3 together, within an involucre 

 of numerous small imbricated scales, sometimes united in a solid mass. Ovary 



