Gramifiea.] gramine^e. 407 



* Spikelets with 1 fertile terminal flower, with or without a male or imperfect flower 

 below it (Panicace^e). 



1. Phalaridese. Flowering glume and palea becoming hardened and enclosing the 

 grain after flowering. Two outer empty glumes nearly equal, compressed, keeled and longer 

 than the flowering one. Genus: — 1. Alopecurus. 



2. Panicese. Flowering glume and palea becoming hardened and enclosing the grain 

 after flowering. Outer empty glumes usually unequal and smaller. Genera: — 2. Paspa- 

 lum; 3. eriochloa; 4. panicum; 5. gymnothrix ; 6. ichnanthus ; 7- isachne ; 

 8. Spinifex; 9. Thouarea. 



3. Tristeginese. Spikelets nearly as in Panicea, but usually with a twisted awn as in 

 Andropogonece. Panicles loose. Genera: — 10. Arundinella; 11. Garnotia; 12. Thy- 



SANOL.ENA. 



4. Andropog-oneae. Flowering glume small, exceedingly thin and transparent, with a 

 twisted awn rarely entirely wanting. Genera: — 13. Ophiurus; 14. Hemarthria; 15. 



PEROTIS; 16. ZOYSIA ; 17. DlMERIA; 18. IMPERATA ; 19. SACCHARUM ; 20. ElJLALIA ; 

 21. POLLINIA; 22. POGONATHERUM ; 23. APOCOPIS ; 24. APLUDA ; 25. ANDROPOGON ; 

 26. Heteropogon; 27. CHRYSOPOGON; 28. ISCH.EMUM; 29. Spodiopogon. 



** Spikelets with one or more perfect flowers ; the male or rudimentary flowers, if any, 

 above the perfect ones, or the axis ending in a minute point (Po^ace^e). 



5. Agrostidese. Spikelets 1 -flowered, usually pedicellate and small. Flowering glume 

 thin, awnless or with a simple awn. Grain free. — 30. Sporobolus; 31. Polypogon. 



6. Stipacese. Spikelets 1-flowered, usually pedicellate, and often rather large. Flower- 

 ing glume firm, with a simple or 3-cleft awn, articulate on the glume or with 3 or more awns, 

 and closely enveloping the grain. Genus : — 32. Aristida. 



7. Arundinese. Spikelets 1- or several-flowered, pedicellate, the rhachiswith long hairs 

 between the glumes. Flowering glumes like the empty ones or thinner. Grain free. Genera : 

 — 33. Arundo ; 34. Phragmites. 



8. Chloridese. Spikelets 1- or several-flowered, sessile along one side of the simple 

 linear branches of a panicle (or of a simple spike). Genera : — 35. Microchloa ; 36. Cy- 

 nodon ; 37. Dactyloctenium; 38. Eleusine , 39. Chloris ; 40. Leptochloa. 



9. Avenacese. Spikelets 2- or few-flowered, pedicellate. Flowering glumes usually 

 shorter than the outer ones, their awns often bent or twisted. Genus: — 41. Ayena. 



10. Festucacese. Spikelets several-flowered, pedicellate, glabrous between the glumes 

 or shortly hairy. Genera: — 42. Cgslachne; 43. Eragrostis; 44. Lophatherum. 



11. Bambuseee. Spikelets 1- or several-flowered, usually sessile and clustered. Tall 

 shrubby or tree-like Grasses. Genera: — 45. Arundinaria ; 46. Bambusa ; 47- Scmzo- 



STACHYUM. 



1. ALOPECURUS, Linn. 



Spikelets 1-flowered, flat, and densely crowded into a cylindrical spike or 

 spike-like panicle. Outer glumes boat-shaped, with a prominent keel, but 

 not awned. Flowering glume shorter, with a very slender awn inserted on the 

 back (sometimes concealed under the outer glumes). Palea entirely wanting. 



A small genus, widely spread over the temperate and colder regions of both the northern 

 and southern hemispheres, only penetrating into the tropics among occasional weeds. 

 Outer glumes 3 lines long, united to the middle, glabrous or nearly so 1. A. agrestis. 

 Outer glumes not 1£ Hues long, free or scarcely united at the base, 



hairy on the keel 2. A. geniculatus. 



1. A. agrestis, Linn. ; Kuntli, Enum. i. 23. An annual, 1 to 2 ft. 

 high, erect or slightly decumbent at the base. Leaves rather short, with long, 

 not very loose sheaths. Spike 2 to 3 in. long, the spikelets not so closely 



