FLORA OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. 175 



1. Rubus odoratus L. Flowering raspberry. 

 Thickets; rare; Great Falls (Palmer). June. Northern states, south to Ga. 



2. Rubus occidentalis L. Black raspberry. 

 Thickets and fence rows; frequent. May. Eastern U. S. 



3. Rubus cuneifolius Pursh. Sand blackberry. 

 Sandy soil; frequent below the fall line. June. Southern states, north to Conn. 



4. Rubus argutus Link. Tall blackberry. 

 Thickets, fence rows, and old fields; common. May. Mass. to Va. (R.frondosus 



of Gray's Manual; R. villosus of Ward's Flora.) 



6. Rubus hispidus L. Swamp blackberry. 



Low woods and swales; frequent l)e]ow the fall line. June. Eastern states, south 

 to N. C. 



6. Rubus procumbens Muhl. Dewberry. 



Dry open ground; frequent. May. Eastern U. S. (R. canadensis oi Ward's 

 Flora.) 



There are many unidentified specimens of the genus, including probably several 



unnamed species. 



5. ARUNCUS Adans. 



1. Aruncus vulgaris Raf. Goat's-beard. 



Rich woods; frequent. June. Northern states, south to Ga. (A. aruncus Kaxst.; 



Spiraea aruncus L.) 



6. PORTERANTHUS Britton. 



1. Porteranthus trifoliatus (L.) Britton. False ipecac. 



Rich woods; frequent. May-June. N. Y. to Ga. (Gillenia trifoliataMoench.) 



7. FRAGARIA L. 



1. Fragaria virginiana Duchesne. Wild strawberry. 



Open ground; frequent. May. Eastern U. S. 

 The flowers are shown in plate 31 A. 



8. DUCHESNEA J. E. Smith. 



1. Duchesnea indica (Andr.) Focke. False strawberry. 



Waste grassland; infrequent. Southern states, north to Pa.; naturalized from 

 India. (Fragaria indica Andr.) 



The bright red fruit looks exactly like a strawberry, but is not edible. 



, 9. GEUM L. Avens. 



Head of fruit stalked in the bractless calyx. Petals yellow 1. G. vernum. 



Head of fruit sessile in the calyx; bractlets present. 

 Petals white. 



Receptacle of fruit glabrous 2. G. virgiuianum. 



Receptacle of fruit hairy. 



Basal leaves and lower stem leaves simple or ternate 3. G. canadense. 



Basal leaves and lower stem leaves pinnate 4. G. meyerianum. 



Petals yellow. 



Petals shorter than the sepals, pale yellow 5. G. hirsutum. 



Petals longer than the sepals, golden yellow 6. G. strictum. 



1. Gaum vernum (Raf.) Torr. & Gray. 

 Thickets; infrequent. May. Eastern U. S. 



2. Geum virgiuianum L. 



Open woods and thickets; infrequent. June-July. Eastern U. S. 



