FLORA OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. 207 



Leaves heart-shaped, deeply lobed at the base. 



Leaves glabrous 7. V. pallens. 



Leaves finely hairy on the upper surface 8. V. blanda. 



Plants without runners, the rootstocks stout and fleshy; petals violet or purplish 

 (rarely abnormally white). 

 Plants without cleistogamous flowers; none of the petals bearded. Leaves 



divided into numerous narrow lobes 9. V. pedata. 



Plants with cleistogamous flowers; lateral petals bearded. 

 Leaves neither heart-shaped nor kidney-shaped, triangular, oblong, ovate, or 

 deeply lobed, or sometimes almost heart-shaped with large coarse teeth 

 near the base. 



Leaves all deeply divided into numerous narrow lobes 10. V. brittoniana. 



Leaves not divided, sometimes with a few small lobes near the base. 

 Leaves broadly triangular when mature, glabrous or nearly so. 



11. V. emarginata. 

 Leaves lanceolate to ovate-oblong. 



Leaves glabrous or nearly so, long-petioled, mostly lanceolate or trian- 

 gular-lanceolate' 12. V. sagittata. 



Leaves copiously hairy, short-petioled, ovate-oblong.. 13. V. fimbriatula. 

 Leaves, at least some of them, heart-shaped or kidney-shaped, finely and 

 evenly toothed, some of the leaves, also, often lobed. 

 Leaves in part deeply lobed. 



Leaves, except the earliest ones, divided almost or quite to the midrib 



into numerous narrow lobes, glabrous or nearly so 14. V. stoneana. 



Leaves mostly with short lobes, the lobes few (usually 3 or 5) and broad, 



usually very hairy 15. V. triloba. 



Leaves not lobed. 

 Leaves finely hairy on one or both surfaces. 

 Leaves loosely hairy beneath, usually erect; seeds dark brown. 



16. V. sororia. 

 Leaves glabrous beneath, with fine appressed hairs on the upper surface, 



often lying flat on the ground; seeds buff 17. V. hirsutula. 



Leaves glabrous or practically so, the hairs, if present, mostly confined to 

 the veins. 

 Beard of the lateral petals of strongly knobbed hairs; cleistogamous 

 flowers long and slender, on erect peduncles, their capsules green. 



18. V. cucullata. 



Beard of the lateral petals not knobbed; cleistogamous flowers short, 



ovoid, their capsules usually purplish. 



Cleistogamous flowers on ascending peduncles; capsules 5-8 mm. 



long; seeds buff; leaves mostly longer than broad.. 19. V. affinis. 



Cleistogamous flowers on short prostrate peduncles; capsules 10-15 



mm. long; seeds dark brown; full-grown leaves mostly as broad 



as long, often broader 20. V. papilionacea. 



Viola pectinata Bicknell was reported from Riverdale by House. No specimens 

 have been seen by the writer. 



1. Viola eriocarpa Schwein. Yellow violet. 



Moist woods, often in alluvial soil, frequent and sometimes abundant. Apr.- 

 May. Northern states, south to Ga. (F. pubescens, V. pubescens eriocarpa, and V. 

 glabella of Ward's Flora; V. scabriuscula Schwein.) 



The capsules are usually densely woolly, but sometimes glabrous. 



