264 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATION" AL HERBARIUM. 



Flowers yellow or yellowish. 



Plants with naked stems, the leaves all at the base of the scapelike peduncles, these 



usually bearing each a single head. 



Roots bearing tubers; leaves glabrous; bracts all of equal length. . .2. CYNTKIA. 



Roots without tubers; leaves usually more or less hairy; bracts very unequal. 



4. LEONTODON, 

 Plants with leafy, usually branched stems. 



Bracts all of equal length. Plants annual 3. KHIGIA. 



Bracts very unequal, the lowest much smaller and shorter than the others. 

 Achenes short-spiny at the apex; flower heads sessile or nearly so; stems at flow- 

 ering time bearing only a few linear entire leaves 5. CHONDRILLA. 



Achenes never spiny; flower heads conspicuously stalked; stems usually with 

 numerous well-developed leaves. 

 Flower heads drooping, their stalks recurved. Pappus pale or dark brown; 

 plants tall and coarse, the leaves often deeply lobed . .6. PRENANTHES. 

 Flower heads erect, never drooping. 

 Achenes strongly compressed; teeth of the leaves often tipped with weak 

 spines. 

 Flowers 50 or more in each head, yellow, the heads few; achenes not 



beaked 7. SONCHTJS. 



Flowers 6-30 in each head, yellow or blue, the heads usually very numer- 

 ous; achenes usually beaked at the apex 8. LACTTJCA. 



Achenes not compressed; leaves mostly entire, the teeth, when present, not 

 spine-tipped 9. HIERACIUM. 



1. CICHORIUM L. 

 1. Cicliorium intybus L. Chicory. 



Waste and cultivated ground ; common. June- Aug. Native of Eur. ; widely natural- 

 ized in the U. S. 



A form with white flowers is found occasionally. The roots of chicory have often 

 been used as a substitute for coffee. 



Lapsana communis L., nipplewort, was collected about Washington in 1884 and 

 1915. Native of Eur.; sparingly adventive in the U. S. 



Tragopogon porri/olius L., salsify, was reported by Ward from Uniontown and by 

 Holm from Eckington. Native of Eur. ; commonly cultivated for its edible roots, and 

 frequently escaping. Known also as oyster plant. 



2. CYNTHIA D. Don. 



1. Cynthia dandelion (L.) DC. Dwarf goat's-beard. 



Pine woods or open hillsides about Washington and Alexandria; infrequent. May- 

 June. Eastern U. S. {Krigia dandelion N\itt. ; Adopogon dandelion Kuntze.) 

 The leaves are usually toothed or lobed, but sometimes they are entire. 



3. EHIGIA Schreb. 

 1. Krigia virginica (L.) Willd. 



Open fields and on rocks; frequent. Apr.-Aug. Eastern U. S. {Adopogon caro' 

 linianum Britton.) 



Apargia autumnalis (L.) Hoffm. {Leontodon autumnalis L.), fall dandelion, was col- 

 lected in the Zoological Park, September, 1897 {W. Hunter); native of Eur. and 

 Asia; naturalized locally in the northeastern U. S. A. hispida (L.) Willd. (Leontodon 

 hispidus L.), common hawkbit, native of Eur., was collected at Ammendale, May, 

 1916 {Brother Arshie). 



Hypochaeris radicata L., cat's-ear, was collected at Ammendale, June, 1916 {Brother 

 Hyacinth). Native of Eur.; widely naturalized in the U. S. 



