298 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 



Embryo. The rudimentary plant witliin the seed. 



Emergence. An outgrowth involving subepidermal tissue. 



Eiidocarp. The inner layer of the pericarp. 



Endosperm. The nutritive substance surroimding the embryo of a seed . 



Entire. Without diAosions, lobes, or any marginal cutting. 



Epimrp. The outer layer of the pericarp or matured ovary. 



Epiphyte. A plant growing upon another plant, but not organically connected 

 with it. 



Equitant. Astride; referring to conduplicate leaves which enfold each other in two 

 ranks. 



Erose. Unevenly toothed, as if gnawed. 



Estipulate. Lacking stipules. 



Evergreen. Bearing green leaves at all seasons of the year. 



Excurrent. Projecting beyond the main part of the organ. 



Exfoliating. Peeling off naturally in thin layers. 



Exocarp. The outer layer of the pericarp . 



Exserted. Projecting beyond the surrounding organs, especially stamens from a 

 corolla. 



Extrorse. Facing or directed outward, as the openings of an anther. 



Falcate. Shaped somewhat like the blade of a scythe; curved and flat, usually taper- 

 ing toward the tip. 



Fascicle. A close bundle or cluster of like organs having a common source. 



Fastigiate. Referring to stems or branches which are erect and close together. 



Fertile. Bearing organs or elements essential to reproduction. 



Fertilization. The complete fusion of a male and a female reproductive cell. 



Fibrous. Fiber-like or composed of fibers. 



Fibro-vascular . Composed of woody fibers and ducts. 



Filament. The part of a stamen which bears the anther. 



Filamentous. Composed of threadlike stnictures. 



Filiform. Threadlike; long, slender, and terete. 



Fimbriate. Fringed. 



Flabellate. Fan-shaped, either in outline or in venation. 



Flagellate. With the apex slenderly prolonged into a whiplike tail. 



Flexuous. Zigzag; bent or curved alternately in two directions. 



Floccose. With loose tufts of woollike hairs. 



Floret. A small flower, usually one of a head or dense cluster; in grasses, the flower 

 with its inclosing lemma and palea. 



Foliaceous. Leaf like in texture, appearance, or function. 



Foliolate. Consisting of separate leaflets. 



Foliose. Leafy; leaflike. 



Follicle. A simple fruit composed of one carpel, dehiscing along one suture. 



Free. Entirely separate from other organs; (in venation) not at all joined. 



Frond. The leaf of ferns and some other cryptogams or, loosely, of palms or fern- 

 like plants; also, in Lemnaceae, the expanded leaf like stem. 



Fruit. The seed-bearing product of a plant, of whatever form. 



Fugacious. Of temporary duration; falling or fading soon after development. 



Furcate. Simply forked; once forked. 



Fuscous. Dusky brown. 



Fusiform. Spindle-shaped; tapering from the middle toward each end. 



Gamopetalous . Having the petals more or less united. 



Geniculate. Abruptly bent like a knee. 



Gibbous. Humped or swollen on one side. 



Glabrate. Nearly glabrous, or becoming so. 



Glabrous. Devoid of hairs. 



