Citrus RUTACE^. 189 



Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxiii. Ill ; Bonavia Oranges dc. 44- 

 59, t. 92-128 ; Webber in Bailey's Cyclop, of Amer. Hart. i. 323 ; 

 Rume in Bull. Florida Exjx St. Ixvi. 582, t.' I (1903) & Citrus 17, 

 t. 2, 5-8 ; Taylor in Yearb. U.S. Dept. Agr. 1907, 311-313, t. 34 ; 

 Swingle in. PI. Wils. pt. 4, 142. C. Aurantium var. sinensis 

 L. Sp. PI. 783 (1753). C. deliciosa Tenore in Ind. Sem. Hort. 

 Bot. Neapol. [9] (1840), & in Atti R. Istit. Napoli vii. 1, icith tab. 

 (1847). C. nobilis var. deliciosa Swingle loc. cit. 



King Orange, Tangierine Orange, Mandarin Orange. 



Cultivated ; native of Cochin-china and China. 



Tree 12-20 ft. high ; branches with or without spines. Flowers solitary 

 or in clusters of 3 or 4, terminal or axillary, white, sweet-scented, small, 

 2-2 "5 cm. in diam. Petals 8-10 mm. 1. Stamens 18-23, shorter than the 

 petals, only slightly, united. Ovary 9-15-celled. Fruit, juice-cells broad 

 and blunt. Seeds top-shaped, beaked ; cotyledons greenish. 



Adventitious sections sometimes occur at the apex, especially in the 

 large form, so well known at Porus, but they are enclosed by the rind, not 

 exposed as in the Navel Orange. 



C. nobilis is described by Loureyro as a tree without spines, ascending 

 branches, lanceolate leaves, petiole without wings, peduncle terminal, with 

 several flowers, fruit compressed-round, red inside and out, 5 inches in 

 diam., rind thick, sweet, edible, very rough, pulp most pleasant of all 

 citrus fruits, native of Cochin-china. Swingle is of the opinion that the 

 " King Orange " introduced into the United States in 1880 from Saigon, 

 Cochin-china, is this species (see Taylor's plate in Year-book), and that 

 Wilson's specimen of a cultivated plant in China is also the same. 



C. deliciosa is described and figured by Tenore as a tree armed with 

 strong spines ^ -2 inches long, leaves lanceolate, petiole without wings, 

 flowers solitary, axillary, fruit strongly compressed, rind thin, pulp outside 

 and inside of a yellow-orange colour, delicious to the taste. The figure of 

 the fruit is 2J inches in diameter. Swingle (in PL Wils.) provisionally con- 

 siders this to be a variety of C. nobilis, and to include the cultivated forms 

 known as Tangierine and Mandarin Oranges ; he says, however, that 

 " better knowledge of this complex group may resolve it into several 

 closely allied species." 



7. C. grandis Osbeck BagboTc Ostind. Mesa 98 (1757); leaflet 

 elliptical to ovate-oblong, usually puberulous beneath on the 

 midrib, especially when young, 10-20 cm. 1., apex rounded or 

 somewhat acuminate, sometimes emarginate, margin more or less 

 crenulate ; petiole broadly winged ; fruit very large, globular or 

 pear-shaped, 10-20 cm. 1., light lemon or orange-coloured, rind 

 thick, white, spongy, bitter, usually smooth, coverings of sections 

 leathery, not continuous round the inner end so that the pulp 

 projects into the open core, pulp inclined to be tough, acid and 

 bitter with some sweetness ; juice-cells large, distinct from one 

 another.^ — Swingle torn. cit. 144. C. decumana L. Syst. ed. 12, 

 508 (1767); Tussac Fl. Ant. Hi. t. 17, 18; Descourt. Fl. Ant. Hi. 

 t. 220; Macf. in Hook. Bot. Misc. i. 303 & Jam. i. 130; Griseb. 

 loc. cit.; Hook. f. torn. cit. 516; Hume Citrus 51, 52, 127,/. 27 ; 

 P. Wils. loc. cit. C. Aurantium var. grandis L. Sp. PI. 783 



