69.] 



CATECHOL 



139 



Cattuna vulgaris (Ibid. 75, 837) ; in 

 logwood, Htematoxylon campeachianum ; 

 in the leaves of Rhus metopinm and 

 Coriaria myiiifoUa (Ibid. Proc. Ch. Soc. 

 16, 45; Trans. 77, 423); and (or an 

 isomeride) in the New Zealand Rhus 

 tJiymifolia (Easterfield and Aston, Trans. 

 Ch. Soc. 19, 123). 



Quercetin is contained in the ethereal 

 extract of the spotted knotweed, Poly- 

 ffonum persicaria (Horst, Ch. Zeit. 25, 



i55)- 



lihamnetin, which occurs as a gluco- 

 side (xanthorhamnin) in Persian berries, 

 is monomethylquercetin, and rhamnazin, 

 existing also as a glucoside in the same 

 berries, is a quercetin dimethyl ether 

 containing the methylcatechol (guaiacol) 

 complex (A. G. Perkin and Geldard, 

 Trans. Ch. Soc. 67, 496; A. G. P. and 

 Martin, Ibid. 71, 818; A. G. P. and 

 Allison, Ibid. 81, 469). 



Isorhamnetin from the yellow wall- 

 flower (see above) is also a methyl- 

 quercetin (A. G. P. and Hummel, Ibid. 

 69, 15^9)- Isorhamnetin is also con- 

 tained as glucoside in the colouring- 

 matter from the flowers of Delphinium 

 zald (A. G. P. and Pilgrim, Ibid. 73, 

 371). 



The catechol complex is present in 

 fisetin from the wood of Querbrac/to 

 Colorado and from young fustic, the 

 wood of R/ius cotinus, in which it exists as 

 the glucoside fustin. Luteolin [141], the 

 colouring-matter of weld, from Reseda 

 liiteola and from dyer's broom, Genisla 

 tinctoria, contains the catechol com- 

 plex (A. G. P. I/Ad. 69, 803 ; A. G. P. 

 and Newbury, Proc. 15, 179 ; 242 ; 16, 

 181 ; A. G. P. and Horsfall, Trans. 77, 



A glucoside contained with apiin 

 [140] in parsley is a derivative of 

 luteolin methyl ether (Vongerichten, 

 Ber. 33, 2334; 2904). 



Scoparin is related to luteolin (see 

 under luteolin [l4l] : also A. G. P. 

 Proc. Ch. Soc. 15, 123 ; 16, 45). 



The catechol complex is probably 

 contained in brazilin from Brazil wood 

 from Cfpsalpinia crisfa, C. bra-siliensis, 

 &c. (Gilbody and W. H. Perkin, junr., 

 Ibid. 15, 28 ; Feuerstein and v. Kosta- 

 necki, Ber. 33, 1028 ; Schall, Ibid. 



1046; Gilbody and W. H. Perkin, junr., 

 Proc. Ch. Soc. 16, 107; W. H. P., junr., 

 and Yates, Trans. 79, 1396 ; W. H. P., 

 junr., Proc.Ch. Soc. 17, 257 ; Trans. 81, 

 22i; 236; 1008; 1040; 1057; Herzig 

 and Pollak, Monats. 23, 165 ; v. Kosta- 

 necki and Lampe, Ber. 35, 1667; 

 Bollina, v. Kostanecki, and Tambor, 

 Ibid. 1675); and in gossypetin from 

 the flowers of Gossypium herbaceum 

 (A. G. Perkin, Trans. Ch. Soc. 75, 

 828). 



Hsematoxylin, the colouring-matter 

 of logwood, appears to contain the 

 catechol and pyrogallol complexes (Gil- 

 body and W. H. Perkin, junr., Proc. 

 Ch. Soc. 15, 241 ; 16, 108 ; W. H. P., 

 junr., and Yates, Trans. 81, 235, &c., as 

 under brazilin). 



The glucoside coniferin, found in 

 the cambial fluid of coniferous trees, 

 in beet and asparagus, and in the 

 root of Scorzonera Jiispanica, contains, 

 through coniferyl alcohol, the guaiacol 

 complex. 



The catechol complex is probably 

 contained in maclurin from old fustic, 

 the wood of Morns tinctoria = Madura 

 aurantiaca from Jamaica, Cuba, &c. 

 (Kb'nig and v. Kostanecki, Ber. 27, 

 1996), and in fragarianin, a glucoside 

 from the root of Fragaria vesca. 



The catechol complex may exist also 

 in some form in the catechins, com- 

 pounds obtained from catechu from 

 various sources, such as the twigs and 

 unripe pods of Acacia catechu, from 

 Uncaria (Nauclea] gambier, ' cortex lokri' 

 from Hymenaa courbaril, &c. (see for 

 instance A. G. Perkin and Yoshitake, 

 Trans. Ch. Soc. 81, 1172). 



The complex may be contained in 

 kinom and kino-red from gum kino 

 from Pterocarpus marsupium (Malabar), 

 and in certain resins and gum-resins, 

 such as guaiacum from G. officinale, and 

 gum-ammoniac from Dorema ammouia- 

 cum; also in tormentilla red from the 

 root of Potentilla tormentilla, and in 

 many tannins, such as those from horse- 

 chestnut and from Persea (Laurus) 

 ling ue, and in fraxitannic acid from ash 

 leaves. 



The dimethylcatechol (veratrole) com- 

 plex is contained in the opium alkaloids, 



