284 



APPENDIX 



48. Glycerol (p. 96). 



Glycerol is formed during the an- 

 aerobic (intramolecular) respiration of 

 the sugar beet (Stoklasa, Jelinek, and 

 Vitek, Zeit. Zucker-Ind. Bohm. 27, 



6 33)- 



According to Nicloux, glycerol 



(traces) is normally present in the 

 blood of dogs and rabbits (Comp. Rend. 

 136,764; 1576: compare Mouneyrat, 

 Comp. Rend. Soc. Biol. 55, 1307 ; Ni- 

 cloux, Ibid. 1229). 



51. Maxmitol (p. 104). 



The ferment of sour wine forms 

 mannitol in presence of laBvulose. Re- 

 ducing bacteria which liberate hydro- 

 gen and the amylo-bacteria cultivated 

 in invert sugar solution in presence 

 of chalk are incapable of producing 

 mannitol from Ia3vulose (Maze and 

 Perrier, Ann. Inst. Past. 17, 597). 



54. Benzyl Alcohol (p. 107). 



Benzyl alcohol and ester are present 

 in the oil obtained from tuberose 

 blossoms by distillation or by enfleur- 

 age (Hesse, Ber. 36, 1459). Benzyl 

 alcohol (with its acetic and benzoic 

 esters) is contained in ylang-ylang oil 

 (Schimmel's Ber. April, 1903; Ch. 

 Centr. 1903, 1, 1086). 



To be added to synthetical pro- 

 cesses : 



[A, p. 108.] Benzene can be con- 

 verted into toluene by the interaction 

 of phenyl magnesium bromide and 

 dimethyl sulphate in ethereal solution 

 (Werner and Zilkens, Ber. 36, 2116; 

 Houben, Ibid. 3083 ; Werner, Ibid. 

 3618). ' 



[R, p. 1 1 5.] Phthalic acid can be 

 obtained from the naphthols, nitro- 

 naphthalene, the naphthylamines, nitro- 

 naphthols, naphthalene sulphonic acids, 

 &c., by oxidising with metallic oxides 

 in presence of heated alkaline hydr- 

 oxides (Basler, Ch. Fab. Germ. Pats. 

 138790; 139956; 140999; Journ. Ch. 

 Soc. 84, 1,487; 561). 



[DD, p. 1 1 6.] Sodium ethyl succinate 



on electrolysis gives, among other pro- 

 ducts, a small quantity of ethyl acryl- 

 ate (Bouveault, Bull. Soc. [3] 29, 

 1043). From acrylic acid as under I, 

 p. in, &c. 



[KK, p. 116.] Camphor [175] gives 

 toluene among the products of its 

 decomposition by heating with zinc 

 chloride (Fittig, Kobrich, and Jilke, 

 Ann. 145, 129 ; Reuter, Ber. 16, 694), 

 or with zinc dust (Schrotter, Ber. 13, 

 1621). 



55. Saligenin (p. 116). 



The quantity of salicin in buds, 

 leaves, and bark of Salix ^irpiirea at 

 various periods of growth has been 

 determined by Weevers (Proc. k. Akad. 

 Wetensch. Amsterdam, 5, 295). 



57. Phenylethyl Alcohol (p. 118). 



For occurrence of this alcohol in 

 nlroli oil see further Walbaum and 

 Hiithig, Journ, pr. Ch. [2] 67, 315 : 

 also SchimmeFs Ber. April, 1903 ; Ch. 

 Centr. 1903, 1, 1086. 



To be added to synthetical pro- 

 cesses : 



[A, p. 1 1 8.] Phenylacetic ethyl ester 

 is reduced to phenylethyl alcohol by 

 sodium in alcoholic solution (Bouveault 

 and Blanc, Comp. Rend. 137, 60). 



NOTE : The alcohol obtained by Grignard 

 and Tissier (Comp. Eend. 134, 107) by the 

 condensation of trioxymethylene and magne- 

 sium benzyl chloride is not, as at first supposed, 

 benzyl carbinol, but the isomeric o-toluyl car- 

 binol (Tiffeneau and Delange, Comp. Rend. 

 137, 



58. Methylphenyl Carbinol (p. 118). 



The alcohol has been found in the 

 steam-distilled oil of orange blossoms 

 (Hesse and Zeitschel, Journ. pr. Ch. [2] 

 66, 481). 



59. Fhenylpropyl Alcohol (p. 119). 



To be added to synthetical pro- 

 cesses : 



[B, p. 119.] From cinnamic acid 

 [Vol. II], the ethyl ester of which 

 gives the above alcohol on reduction 



