286 



APPENDIX 



[G-, p. 133.] From pJienylacetic acid 

 [Vol. II] through the 2 : 4-dinitro-acid 

 and 2 : 4-dinitrotoluene (see under o- 

 cresol [61 ; H, p. 1 27]). From the latter 

 as under A, p. 131. 



64. Phlorol (p. 133). 



To be added to synthetical pro- 

 cesses : 



[A, p. 133.] Ethylbenzene can be 

 obtained from toluene by the interaction 

 of benzyl magnesium chloride and di- 

 methyl sulphate in ethereal solution 

 (Houben, Ber. 36, 3083). Also by 

 the action of nascent acetylene on benz- 

 ene in presence of aluminium chloride 

 (Parone, Journ. Ch. Soc. 86, I, 26). 



66. Carvacrol (p. 135). 



To be added to synthetical pro- 

 cesses : 



[C, p. 136.] Camphor [175] gives 

 carvacrol when heated with iodine 

 (Kekule and Fleischer, Ber. 6, 1088 : 

 see also Glaus, Journ. pr. Ch. 25, 264 ; 

 Schweizer, Ibid. 26, 118; Ann. 40, 

 329 ; Armstrong and Miller, Ber. 16, 

 2259). Carvacrol is among the pro- 

 ducts formed by heating camphor or 

 bromcamphor with zinc chloride (Arm- 

 strong and Miller, loc. cit. 2255 ; 

 E. Schiff, Ber. 13, 1408). 



69. Catechol (p. 137). 



The catechol (protocatechuic acid) 

 complex is apparently contained in the 

 colouring-matter of the Japanese 'fu- 

 kugi ' (A. Gr. Perkin and Phipps, Trans. 

 Ch. Soc. 85, 60). The catechol com- 

 plex may be contained in epinephrine 

 = adrenalin = suprarenin, the active 

 principle of the suprarenal glands 

 (Jowett, Proc. Ch. Soc. 20, 18). The 

 cerebrospinal fluid from a case of hydro- 

 cephalus examined by Coriat did not 

 contain catechol (Am. Journ. Physiol. 

 1O, in: compare Halliburton as quoted, 

 p. 140). 



To be added to synthetical pro- 

 cesses : 



[A, p. 140.] Phenol-p-sulphonic acid 

 on chlorination at 50 gives 2-chlor- 

 phenol-p-sulphonic acid. The latter, 



on heating the sodium salt with acid 

 or water at 180-200, yields o-chlor- 

 phenol, which can be converted into 

 catechol as on p. 140 (Hazard-Flamand, 

 Germ. Pat. 141751 ; Journ. Ch. Soc. 

 84, I, 622). 



7O. Resorcinol (p. 142). 



The resorcinol complex is apparently 

 contained in ononin, a glucoside obtained 

 from the root of rest-harrow, Ononis 

 spinosa (v. Hemmelmayr, Monats. 24, 



71. Quinol (p. 146). 



Quinol and arbutin are contained in 

 the leaves and quinol in the flowers of 

 cranberry (Kanger, Arch. exp. Path. 

 50, 46; Ch. Centr. 1903, 2, 893). 



75. Orcinol (p. 152). 



Protocetraric acid, which is contained 

 in the lichens Ramalina ceruc/iis, Dendro- 

 grapha leucophaa, Cetraria islandica and 

 vars. vulgaris, platyna, crispa, subtubu- 

 Zosa, &c., C. complicata = C. laureri = 

 Platysma complicatum, Sticta palmonaria, 

 Cladonia rangiferina var. vulgaris, C. sil- 

 vatica, C.jimbriata var. cJiordalis, Par- 

 melia saxatilis vars. sulcata^anniformis, 

 and retiruga (Hesse, Journ. pr. Ch. [2] 

 57, 255; 272; 295; 44* ; 58, 467; 

 469; 62, 321; 43; ?8, i; Zopf, 

 Ann. 324, 39), gives rise to cetraric 

 acid by hydrolysis (Ibid. [2] 57, 300) : 

 the latter, and therefore its generator, 

 contains the orcinol complex (Simon, 

 Arch. Pharm. 240, 521). Cetraric acid 

 itself may exist ready formed in the 

 lichens Per tusaria amara, Cladonia rangi- 

 ferina, C. silvatica, and Citraria fah- 

 luensis (Hesse, Journ. pr. Ch. [2] 58, 



502 ; 62, 477 i Z P f ; Ann - 30 ; 3^3 '> 

 328 ; 352 : compare Hesse, loc. cit. 62, 

 477), and also in Cetraria islandica 

 (Simon, loc. cit.). 



77. /3-Orcinol (p. 156). 



To be added to synthetical pro- 

 cesses : 



[B, p. 156.] From camphor [175] 

 through p-xylene as under m-cresol 



