396 CHAPTER 57. 



congestion. If diagnosed, the treatment will be the same as that recom- 

 mended for congestion. In extreme cases of hypertrophy, an external 

 enlargement is not unfrequently observed. Percussion may aid in form- 

 ing a correct opinion. In many cases however the disease creeps on 

 insensibly to a very serious extent without any well-marked symptoms. 



When any change of structure has taken place complete restoration is 

 not to be expected ; but the further progress of the disease may often be 

 checked for a length of time by keeping the bowels moderately open by 

 means of saline laxatives, careful feeding, and exercise. The iodide of 

 potassium and carbonate of soda are useful in reducing the excessive 

 action of the organ. Tonics are also beneficial in assisting it to regain 

 its tone. 



CHAPTER 57. 



DISEASES OF THE EYE. 



816. Introduction. 817. Shape and size of the Eye. 818. Older cover- 

 ings or Coats. 819. Cornea. 820. Sclerotic or outer Coat. 821. Choroid 

 or middle Coat. 822. Retina or inner lining. 823. Conjunctiva! Mem- 

 brane. 824. Interior structures of the Eye. 825. Aqueous humor. 826. 

 Vitreous Humor. 827. Crystalline Lens. 828. Iris. 829. Corpora Nigra. 

 830. Optic nerve. 831. Other nerves of the Eye. 832. Arteries of the 

 Eye. 833. Appendages of the Eye. 834. Eyelids. 835. Eye-lashes. 836. 

 Tears. 837. Muscles of the Eye. The Retractor oculi. 838. Membrana 

 Nictitans or Haw. 839. Nature and seat of the Diseases of the Eye. 840. 

 Common Ophthalmia. 841. Symptoms. 842. Treatment. 843. Specific 

 Ophthalmia. 844. Nature of Specific Ophthalmia. 845. Causes. 846. 

 Treatment. 847. Cataracts. 848. Examination of the Eye for Cataract. 

 849. Lenticular Cataract. 850. Capsular Cataract. 851. Capsulo- 

 lenticular or Interstitial Cataract. 852. Absorption of Cataracts. 853. 

 Degree of injury to vision caused by true Cataract. 854. No cure for true 

 Cataract. 855. Spurious Cataracts. 856. Amaurosis. 857. Causes. 

 858. Treatment. 859. Gutta Serena. 860. Minor diseases of the Eye 

 and its appendages. 861. Lacerations of the Eyelids. 862. Diseases of 

 the Lachrymal passages. 8.63. Shying. 863a. Worm in the Eye. 



816. Introduction. 



Before treating of the diseases of the Eye it will be necessary to give 

 some slight description of the principal structures of the organ and of 

 their functions. Without such description it would be scarcely possible 

 to make intelligible to the unprofessional reader the diseases of the Eye 



