DETAILS OP SHOEING. 471 



best kind of shoe ; but these, though important, are not so immediately 

 concerned in the health of the foot. 



The treatment of feet not in a state of perfect health is also important, 

 as is also the treatment of feet in a state of disease. Again, there may 

 be feet of delicate structure or of indifferent conformation, which, though 

 free from positive disease, require special treatment. 



But if a person buys a horse with good sound feet, and if in the treat- 

 ment of the feet and in shoeing he complies with the requirements of 

 nature, he will probably find that he is never troubled with any foot 

 disease. Feet do not wear out with age as do many other parts of the 

 frame. The foot of an old horse is generally just as good as that of a 

 young horse. 



CHAPTER 63. 

 SHOEING DETAILS OP. 



Plates 47 57. Figures are consecutive throughout. 



959. Shoeing. 960. Breadth of Fore-Shoe. 961. How thick should 

 the Shoe be ? 962. How often should horses be shod ? 963. Of removing 

 Shoes. 964. Upper surface of Shoes. 965. Under or ground surface of 

 Shoe. 966. Length of the Shoe. Heels of the Shoe. 967. Fitting of the 

 Shoe. 968. Objections to close-fitting Shoes. 969. Removal of the old 

 Shoes. 970. How many Nails are required. 971. Nails to be frequently 

 examined. 972. Form and materials of Nails. 973. Position of Nails. 

 974. Punching of nail-holes and Driving of nails. 975. Nail-heads. 

 Countersunk Nail-holes. 976. Hose-headed Nails. 977. Nail-heads not 

 to project below the Shoe. 978. Clenching of Nails. 879. Nail-bound. 

 Tight nailing. 980. Importance of Nails and nailing. 981. Fullered 

 Shoes. 982. Loss of Shoes. 983. Tips. 983a. Charlier Shoes. 9836. 

 Bar Shoes. 983c. Eocldng Shoes. 984. Hind foot and Shoe. 985. 

 Form of the Hind Shoe. 986. Calkins. 987. Shoes to be level. 988. 

 Directions to Farrier for Shoeing ordinary Fore-feet. 989. Directions to 

 Farrier for Shoeing ordinary Hind feet. 990. To Shoe a troublesome 

 horse. 991. Roughing. 



959. Shoeing. 



In the present chapter I shall endeavour to avoid all crotchets, and 

 shall treat only of the broad principles of the art of shoeing, viz. those 

 which are - 



1st, Essen.tial to the health of the foot. 



