CHAPTER XXII. 



NAMES OF EXTERNAL PARTS OE THE 



HORSE. 

 / 



I SHALL here of course omit to describe parts, such as 

 the eyes, head and tail, for instance, which are known 

 to everyone. The figures and letters employed in 

 the following list, have reference to those on Fig. 147, 

 except when Fig. 148 is mentioned. 



The hoof (10) is the horny box which encloses 

 the lower part of the leg. The front part of the hoof, 

 near the ground surface, is called the toe; the side 

 portions, the quarters ; and the rear parts, the heels. 

 The outer portion of the hoof is termed the wall, 

 which is divided into a hard, fibrous outer covering, 

 called the crust, and a soft inner layer of non-fibrous 

 horn. The designations " wall " and " crust " are often 

 used indiscriminately. 



The frog is the triangular horny cushion which is in 

 the centre of the ground surface of the hoof, and which, 

 by its elasticity and strength, acts as a buffer in saving 

 the structures inside the hoof from the injurious effects 

 of concussion. 



The cleft of the frog is the division in the middle 



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