INSECT ENEMIES AND REMEDIES. 89 



tree, where it spins a papery cocoon and passes into the pupa state. It 

 remains in this state from nine to fifteen days, when it comes forth a per- 

 fect moth, and proceeds to repeat the cycle of existence just noted. The 

 second brood is also highly injurious. The most of the larva from this 

 brood spin up during late summer and fall, to reappear the following sea- 

 son as a moth. By far the best remedy for this insect is Paris green, in 

 the proportion of a teaspoonful in one pailful of water, observing to stir 

 frequently, and to scatter the water in fine spray on all of the fruit. The 

 poison must be applied when the fruit is about the size- of a pea. Two 

 applications will generally be sufficient. Dr. Riley says that Paris green 

 may be used on the fruit of the apple in Colorado without fear of danger- 

 ous results to consumers of the fruit so treated. 



An application of Paris green, besides destroying the codling moth, 

 is equally effective against the leaf rollers, and other caterpillars which 

 defoliate our trees thus early in the season. 



PLANT LICE (Aphididce.} 



The plant lice are among the most injurious of insect life in a dry, 

 warm climate. Among orchard fruits the plum suffers most. The 

 cabbage and late turnip are also very subject to attack by them. Either 

 the hellebore mixture or the kerosene emulsion will destroy them, dilut- 

 ing the latter in the proportion of one part emulsion to thirteen parts of 

 water. 



Owing to the universality of plant lice, and the diffiulty experienced 

 sometimes in destroying them, it is of the greatest importance to keep all 

 growing plants in a thrifty condition. They are about certain to infest 

 plants or trees in an enfeebled condition, so that measures tending to pro- 

 mote thrifty growth will be helpful in warding off their attacks. 

 COLORADO APPLE EAF BEETLE (Graptodosa Foliacea.) 



This beetle and its larva are particularly destructive to young apple 

 trees, and to the grape. As it likes to feed within three or four feet of 

 the ground, it is only injurious to nursery stock or young trees in orchard. 

 It will not feed upon the pear, and it exhibits a preference for thin-leaved 

 varieties of the apple and grape. The Paris green remedy will remove 

 them readily observing to apply the remedy early, so as to destroy the 

 first brood.* 



*NOTE Air slacked lime dusted on the foliage, when moist, will often repel 

 this pest A. E. G. 



