MISCELLANEOUS ARTICLES USED IN HORTICULTURE. 125 



ladder. For pruning standard trees out of doors, it is particularly 

 convenient, because it can be thrust though the branches like a round 



Fig. 96. 



Fig. 97. 



Portable ladder shut. 



Portable ladder open. 



Fig. 98. 



Fig. 99. 



pole, so as not to injure them ; and when once it has got to the desired 

 place or position, it can be opened, when the styles will press the 

 branches on one side without injuring them. Orchard ladders for 

 pruning standard fruit-trees, or 

 gathering their fruit, are of 

 various kinds some with two 

 legs to give them stability, and 

 others forming a triangle, with 

 horizontal pegs in each leg for 

 supporting planks, which cross 

 from one leg to the other, and 

 on which the operators stand. 

 Fig. 98 is what is called a rule- 

 joint ladder, for painting and re- 

 pairing curvilinear glass roofs. 

 The ladder fig. 99 is in com- 

 mon use in the south of France 

 and Switzerland, for gathering 

 cherries. Rule-joint ladder. Orchard ladder. 



