GRAFTING BY DETACHED SCIONS. 



255 



Fig. 209. 



are of course performed in the usual manner. Fig. 209 represents 

 a mode of grafting practised in Herefordshire after the usual season 

 for grafting is over, and when the bark may be easily separated from 



the stock. The scion, which must be 

 Fig. 208. smaller than the stock, is split up between 

 two and three inches from its lower end, 

 so as to have one side stronger than the 

 other. This strong side is then prepared 

 and introduced between the bark and 

 wood, as in rind-grafting ; while the 

 thinner division is fitted to the opposite 

 side of the stock. Mr. Knight, who de- 

 scribes this mode of grafting, says, that 

 grafts of the apple and pear rarely ever 

 fail by it, and that it may be practised 



with success either in spring, or with 



SaddU- 

 grafting. 



-JiL 



Herefordshire sad- 

 dle-grafting. 



young wood in July, as soon as that has 

 become moderately firm and mature. 

 Saddle-grafting, in whichever way per- 

 formed, has the advantage over all others 

 of presenting the largest surface of the alburnum of the scion to receive 

 the ascending sap of the stock, and at the same time without causing 

 it to deviate from its natural course, which it is made to do to a 

 certain extent, when the scion is put on one side of the stock only, as 

 in splice-grafting and side-grafting. 



Side-grafting is nothing more than splice-grafting performed on 

 the side of a stock, the head of which is not cut off. It is sometimes 

 practised on fruit-trees to supply a branch in a vacancy, or for the 

 sake of having different kinds of fruits upon the same tree ; but it is 

 better for the latter purpose to graft on the side branches, because, in 

 consequence of the flow of the sap not being interrupted by being 

 headed down, the success of this kind of 

 grafting is more uncertain than almost 

 any other mode. In grafting the lateral 

 branches of fruit-trees, it is always 

 desirable, in order to ensure success, to 

 have corresponding buds in the scion 

 and the stock, as in fig. 210. What the 

 French call veneer-grafting, fig. 211, is 

 a variety of side-grafting, in which the 

 scion, e, is prepared to fit into the stock,/, 

 which has a notch at the lower extremity 

 of the incision, for the scion to rest on. 

 This mode of grafting is practised with orange-trees, camellias, &c., in 

 pots ; and after the operation is completed, the grafted plant is plunged 

 in heat, and closely covered with a bell-glass. Fig. 212 is a peculiar 

 mode of side-grafting the vine, which is performed in November, when 

 both scion and stock are in a dormant state, and in which the scions, 

 a and ft, being prepared, as in the figure, and inserted and bandaged 



Fig. 210. 



Grafting the lateral branches of 

 fruit-trees. 



