BUDDING OR GRAFTING BY DETACHED BUDS. 265 



some cases, when it is desired to prevent evaporation, instead of claying 

 or mossing, the graft is covered with a piece of paper tied on below 

 and above the parts operated on, so as completely to enclose them. 

 Some persons, instead of a vessel of water, insert j,. 234^ 



the lower part of the scion into a pot of soil kept 

 moist, or into a potato or a turnip. 



A great many different kinds of inarching have 

 been described by M. Thouin, which, if not useful, 

 are at least curious : such, for example, as uniting a 

 number of different stems of different species of the 

 same genus, and afterwards allowing only one shoot 

 to expend all the sap drawn up by the different 

 stocks; the object being to ascertain whether the 

 different saps supplied would make any difference 

 in that of the scion, which, however, was found 

 not to be the case. 



Budding or Grafting by Detached Buds,, 



Budding consists in transferring a portion of bark 

 containing one or more buds, and forming the scion, 

 to the wood of another plant forming the stock, a 

 portion of the bark of the stock being raised up 

 or taken off to receive the scion. The buds of trees 

 are originated in the young shoots in the axils of ______ 



the leaves; and when the bud begins to grow, The camellia, inarched 

 its connexion with the medullary sheath ceases; with a scion partially 

 or, at all events, the bud if detached and pro- "yjjjjjf 1 b y a P hial 

 perly placed on the alburnum of another plant, 

 will become vitally united to it. On these facts the art of budding is 

 founded. This mode of grafting is chiefly applicable to woody plants, 

 and the scion may, in general, be secured to the stock, and sufficiently 

 protected there, by bandages of bast-mat or thread, without the use of 

 grafting clay or wax. The union between the scion and the stock 

 takes place, in the first instance, in consequence of the exudation of 

 organizable matter from the soft wood of the stock; and it is rendered 

 permanent by the returning sap from the leaves of the stock, or from 

 those of the shoot made by the bud. All the different modes of bud- 

 ding may be reduced to two : shield-budding, in which the scion is a 

 piece of bark commonly in the shape of a shield, containing a single 

 bud ; and flute-budding, in which the scion consists of a ring or tube of 

 bark containing one or several buds. In both modes the bark of one 

 year is chosen in preference ; and the operation is more certain of success 

 when the bud of the scion is placed exactly over the situation of a bud 

 on the stock. The shield may, however, be placed on the internodes, 

 or a piece of bark without buds may be put on as a scion, and yet a 

 vital union may take place between the parts, because the cambium 

 is diffused everywhere under the bark, and it is by it, during the 

 process of organization, that the layer of wood of one year in a growing 



