TnE ROOT-PIUNCIFLES OF MIND. 57 



remarked by Mr. Spencer that there is here a general corre- 

 spondence to "be observed between the possession of organs 

 capable of varied actions, and the degree of intelligence to 

 which the animal attains. ' Thus of Birds the Parrots are the 

 most intelligent, and they, more than any other members of 

 their class, are able to use their feet, beaks, and tongues in the 

 examination of objects. Similarly, the wonderful intelligence 

 of the Elephant may be safely considered as correlated with 

 the no less wonderful instrument of co-ordinated movement 

 which he possesses in his trunk ; while the superior intelli- 

 gence of the Monkey, and the supreme intelligence of Man 

 may no less safely be considered as correlated with the still 

 more wonderful instrument of co-ordinated movement which 

 has attained to almost ideal perfection in the human hand. 

 Again, and more generally, we may say that throughout the 

 animal kingdom the powers of sight and of hearing stand in 

 direct ratio to the powers of locomotion ; and the latter are 

 conducive to the growth of intelligence.* 



We may now observe that this correlation between 

 muscular and mental evolution — or, more generally, between 

 power of discrimination and variety of adaptive movements 

 — is only what we should expect to find a priori. For it is 

 clear that the development of the one function could be of no 

 use without that of the other. On the one hand, it would be 

 of no use to an organism that it should be able to discern a 

 Btimulna as hurtful or beneficial, if at the same time it lacked 

 the power of co-ordinated movement necessary to adapting 

 itself to the result of its discernment ; and, on the other 

 hand, it would be equally useless that an organism should 

 | jess the needful power of co-ordinated movement, if at 

 the same time it lacked the power of discernment which 

 alone could render the power of co-ordinated movement use- 

 ful. Now we know that all the mechanisms of muscular 



iilinatii.u me correlated with mechanisms of nervous co- 

 ordination, and, indeed, that the former without the latter 

 would be utterly useless. Yet we know next to nothing of 



• V 1 | rind Cnt '■rein at. fir-t sight to constitute an exception t.. tha 



principle abort let forth] but it. must l><> remembered that both these 



animus, and til their tribe, ] ess rery efficient instruments of touch and 



morements in their tongues, lips, and jaws, at s/ell as to sum.- extent in the 



I think the superior intelligence of the OotopUS, among niollii-k-. is 



t.. !>e nttributi'd to the except tonal advantages winch arc rendered bj its large 

 and flexible, and p iwerful arms. 



