EMOTIONS. 341 



CHAPTEE XX. 



Animal Emotions, and Summary of Intellectual 



Faculties. 



It will be observed on turning to the diagram that I attribute 

 to animals the following emotions, which I name in the 

 probable order of their historical development : — Surprise, 

 Fear, Sexual and Parental Affection, Social Feelings, Pug- 

 nacity, Industry, Curiosity, Jealousy, Anger, Play, Affection, 

 Sympathy, Emulation, Pride, Resentment, ^Esthetic Love 

 of Ornament, Terror, Grief, Hate, Cruelty, Benevolence, 

 Revenge, Page, Shame, Pemorse, Deceit, Ludicrous. This list, 

 which leaves many of the human emotions without men- 

 tion, exhausts all the emotions of which I have found any 

 evidence in the psychology of animals. Before presenting 

 this evidence in detail, perhaps it will not be thought 

 superfluous again to insist that in attributing this and 

 that emotion to such and such an animal, we can depend 

 "iilv upon inference drawn from actions, and that this 

 inference necessarily becomes of less and less validity as we 

 pass through the animal kingdom to organisms less and less 

 like our own; so that, for instance, " when we get as low 

 down as the insects, 1 think the most we can confidently 



it i>, that the known tacts of human psychology furnish 

 the best available pattern of the probable facts of insect 

 psychology."* Still, as the known facts of human psychology 

 do furnish tin' best available pattern, we must here, while 

 treating of the emotional facilities, follow the same method 

 which we have hitherto followed while treating of the intel- 

 lectual faculties— viz., while having lull regard to the pro- 



jive weakening of the analogy from human to brute 

 psychology a. we recede through tin- animal kingdom down- 

 wards from man, nevertheless using tin- analogy bo far as it 

 the "iilv instrument of analysis that we ]»■ 



• Animal IntcUigenci, i>j>. 9-10, vrhsn see for a more lull diaeuflaon <.'f 

 Uiix point* 



