400 MENTAL EVOLUTION IN AMIMALS. 



Protista as affected by light, 80-1. 



Protozoa as affected by light, 80-1 ; chasing one another, 81. 

 Pteropoda, eyes of, 88. 

 Pugnacity, 341 , 344. 



Pierguin on somnambulism in animals, 149 ; on delusions of an ape, 150. 

 Psychology, relation of Comparative to Comparative Anatomy, 5 ; distinction 

 between, and Philosophy, 11. 



R. 



Rabbit, imagination in the, 147-8 ; instinctive antipathy of the young to 

 ferrets, 164-5 ; imperfect instinct of the, with regard to weasels, 169 ; 

 natural wildness and tameness of the, 196 ; not burrowing in Sor, 248. 



Rae, Dr. J., on instinct of ducks, 196; on instinct of grouse, 201. 



Rage, in animals, 346. 



Ratel, habit of the, in turning somersaults, 189, 275- 



Rats, understanding of mechanisms by, 351. 



Rattle-snake, tail of the, 277. 



Razor-fish, memory in the, 122. 



Reaction-time, in perception, 132-5. 



Reason, physiological aspect of, 63 ; supplementing muscular co-ordination 

 by machinery, 59 ; definition of, 318 ; evolution of, 319-35 ; relation of, 

 to perception, 319-26 ; grades of, 318-25 ; in animal kingdom, 325-9 ; 

 Mr. Spencer's views on development of, 330-5 ; Mr. Mivart's views 

 upon, 335-40 ; Mr. Mills' views upon, 336-7 ; in relation to instinct, 

 330-40. 



Reaumur, on larvae remembering the taste of particular leaves, 115 ; on 

 instincts of bees, 166 ; on instincts of the capon, 171-2. 



Recognition of offspring, 319. 



Recollection, 120. 



Reflection, 145. 



Reflex action, explanation of, and theory of its evolution, 26-33 ; arising 

 from habit, 38; rise of consciousness from, 74-5; distinction between, 

 and sensation, 78-9 ; in reference to memory and association of ideas, 

 111-24; to perception, 139-41 ; to instinct, 159-60. 



Regret, in animals, 347. 



Rhea, mistaken instinct of the, 168. 



Remorse, in animals, 341. 



Rengger, on changed instincts of a wild cat in confinement, 172 ; on attach- 

 ment of a monkey to a dog, 184. 



Reptiles, sense of sight in, 90; hearing, smell, taste, and touch of, 90; 

 colour sense of, 98; memory in, 124; perception in, 131; imagination 

 in, 149, 153-4 ; migrations of, 286 ; feigning death, 305 ; emotions of, 

 345 ; grade of mental evolution of, 350. 



Resentment, 341, 345. 



Retriever. See Dog. 



Revenge, in animals, 341, 346. 



Rhizopoda, powers of special sense in, 80. 



Ribot, on memory, 111-13. 



Ring-plovers, continuing to build where sea has retired, 246. 



Romanes, Gh J., observations on Medusa, 31-2; on sea-anemones, 48, 83; 

 on Echinodermata, 84, 342, 348-9 ; on sense of hearing in Lepi- 

 doptera and Birds, 86, 92 ; on sense of smell in crabs, 87-8 ; on sense 

 of musical pitch in a dog, 94; on colour-sense of Octopus, 98-9; on 



