XX 



from the discovery of the muscular structure of the arterioles by 

 Henle, and the work of Claude Bernard on vasomotor nerves. His 

 views on the cause of the hypertrophied heart in cases of Bright's 

 disease are now generally regarded as correct. His ideas on 

 asphyxia, which he continued to the last to call by the old-fashioned, 

 but etymologically correct, name, apnoea, formed the subject of 

 another spirited debate ; and, in conclusion, one must mention a con- 

 troversy of another kind, the dispute with Sir William Gull over a 

 point of professional etiquette connected with the " Balham Case." 

 The point was decided in Johnson's favour by the College of 

 Physicians, but the incident left a good deal of bitterness behind it. 



Still this long series of straggles did not embitter Johnson's life. 

 He was always able to discuss the matters involved without a trace 

 of ill-feeling, though a mention of any one of them would lead him 

 into a prolonged and forcible exposition of his own views. 



In his later essays he was able to write with calmness, and was 

 willing to leave to time the recognition of what was true in the active 

 and full life-work, which he must have known was then drawing to a 

 close. 



W. D. H. 



HENKY NEWELL MARTIN was born on July 1, 1848, at Newry, 

 County Down, Ireland. He was the eldest of a family of twelve, his 

 father being at the time a Congregational minister, but afterwards 

 becoming a schoolmaster. Both his parents were Irish, his father 

 coming from South Ireland, and his mother from North Ireland. 

 He received his early education chiefly at home ; for though he went 

 to several schools, his stay was not long at any one of them. 



Having matriculated at the University of London before he was 

 fully sixteen years of age (an exemption as to age being made in his 

 favour), he became an apprentice to Dr. McDonagh, in the Hamp- 

 stead Road, London, in the neighbourhood of University College, on 

 the understanding that the performance of the services which might 

 be required of him as apprentice, should not prevent his attending 

 the teaching at the Medical School of the College, and the practice 

 at the hospital. During his career at University College he greatly 

 distinguished himself, taking several medals and prizes, in spite of 

 his time for study being, on account of the above-mentioned duties, 

 less than that of his fellow students. In 1870 he obtained a 

 scholarship at Christ's College, Cambridge ; he had, in the 

 summer of that year, conducted at Cambridge a class of Histology 

 for the late Sir G. Humphry. The writer of this notice had about 

 the same time been appointed Prselector of Physiology at Trinity 

 College, and the two went up to Cambridge together in the October 

 of that year. He at once undertook to act as the demonstrator of the 



