XXI 



Trinity Prelector, whose right hand he continued to be in every 

 way during the whole of his stay at Cambridge. His energy and 

 talents, and especially his personal qualities, did much to advance 

 and render popular the then growing School of Natural Science in 

 the University. At that time there was, perhaps, a tendency on the 

 part of the undergraduate to depreciate natural and, especially, bio- 

 logical science, and to regard it as something npt quite academical. 

 Martin, by his bright ways, won among his fellows sympathy for his 

 line of study, and showed them, by entering into all their pursuits 

 (he became for instance, President of the Union and Captain of the 

 Volunteers) that the natural science student was in no respects 

 inferior to the others. 



In Cambridge, as in London, his career was distinguished. He 

 gained the first place in the Natural Science Tripos of 1873, the 

 second place being taken by Francis M. Balfour ; at that time the 

 position in the Tripos was determined by the aggregate of marks in 

 all the subjects. While at Cambridge he took the B.Sc. and M.B. 

 London, gaining in the former the scholarship in Zoology ; he pro- 

 ceeded later to the D.Sc., being the first to take that degree in 

 Physiology. So soon as, or even before, he had taken his degree, he 

 began to devote some time to research, though that time, owing to 

 the necessity under which he lay of making money by teaching, was 

 limited ; his first publication was a little paper of the structure of the 

 olfactory membrane, which appeared in the ' Journal of Anatomy and 

 Physiology ' for 1873. 



In the summer of 1874 he assisted the Trinity Preelector in intro- 

 ducing into Cambridge the course of Elementary Biology, which the 

 late Professor Hurley had initiated at the .Royal College of Science 

 during the preceding year. He subsequently acted as assistant in 

 the same course to Professor Huxley himself. One result of this was 

 that he prepared, under Huxley's supervision, a text-book of the 

 course which, under their names, appeared with the title ' Practical 

 Biology,' and which has since been so largely used. 



In 1874 he was made Fellow of his College, and giving himself up 

 with enthusiasm to the development of natural and, especially, of 

 biologic science at the University, was looking forward to a scientific 

 career in England, if not at Cambridge. About that time, however, 

 the Johns Hopkins University at Baltimore was being established, 

 and such was the impression made by Martin upon those with whom 

 he came in contact, among others Dr. Gilman, of Baltimore, that in 

 1876 he was invited to become the first occupant of the Chair of 

 Biology which had been founded in the Johns Hopkins University. 

 This offer he accepted, and thus nearly the whole of his scientific 

 career was passed in America. He went out prepared to develop in 

 his new home the higher teaching of biologic science, especially that 



