Increasing Quantities of Fat in Diet on Metabolism in Dogs. 269 



distance was 5-5 cm., and from the junction to the outside of the anus 

 was 10 cm. when stretched. The transverse measurement of the csecal 

 end of the large intestine was 5 cm., while the rectal end had dilated 

 to no less than 10 cm. Thus a pouch had been formed above the anus 

 which accounted for the changes in the faeces which took place during 

 the time of observation. For when the animal first was put on solid 

 diet, some three weeks after the operation, the faeces passed were 

 always fluid, while, later on, they were more or less formed, and, as 

 will be seen presently, became really of almost a normal consistence. 



Dog 3. Table IV. In this bitch three periods were analysed. In 

 (a), first period, the diet contained 6'05 grams of nitrogen and 11*73 

 grams of fat ; five consecutive days were analysed. The weight re- 

 mained constant at 6' 10 kilos. The daily quantity of urine passed 

 varied from 210 to 135 c.c., while the specific gravity was between 

 1025 and 1044. The quantity of nitrogen excreted in the urine rose 

 and fell between 5*244 and 5*390 grams ; so that throughout these five 

 days the nitrogen equilibrium was well kept up. The quantity of 

 faeces daily eliminated was very irregular. The first day no less than 

 70*76 grams of faeces were passed, that is to say within twenty-four 

 hours of the diet. Next day only 7*50 grams, and on the third day 

 none at all were passed ; on the other two days during which faeces 

 were passed the amount was 65*77 and 57*72 grams. In consequence 

 of this great difference in the quantity of faeces daily passed, the 

 nitrogen contained in them was also variable, varying from no less 

 than 0*176 to 1*488 grams. 



As far as the fat analysis is concerned the average was obtained 

 from the figures for only three days. At the same time as the average 

 thus obtained came out roughly what one would expect, it would 

 appear the dog in every way behaved as a normal dog. Naturally, 

 owing to the absence of faeces on one day (the third), the percentage 

 of absorption during the various days varied notably, both in the case 

 of nitrogen and fat. 



(b) The dog was now put on the same nitrogenous and carbohydrate 

 diet, but the fat increased to 36*73 grams. The quantity of urine 

 passed varied from 150 to 216 c.c., while the specific gravity fluctuated 

 from 1028 to 1038, the nitrogen in the urine varying from 4*188 to 

 5*491 grams. 



As far as the faeces were concerned during these four days, one day 

 no faeces were passed ; on the other days the quantity varied from 

 43*78 to 51*97 grams, the quantity of nitrogen, however, varying very 

 little, viz., from 0*753 to 0*918 gram. The fat on the first day was very 

 high, being 2*219 grams, while the lowest limit was 1*543 grams. In 

 this stage also the absorption varied on the various days from 85 to 

 88 per cent, of the total nitrogen, and from 94 to 96 per cent, of the 

 total fat. During this period the dog steadily increased in weight. 



